AbstractBased on the temperature data of 196 wells and measurements of 90 thermal conductivity of rocks in Junggar basin, 35 terrestrial heat flow values are presented. The results show that the Junggar basin is a relatively "cold basin" at present, in which both temperature gradient and heat flow are lower. The mean temperature gradient and heat flow are about 21.2 °C/km and 42.3mW/m2, respectively. Higher heat flow in the uplift and lower in the depression are observed. The distribution of heat flow and temperatures are affected by hydrothermal circulation, structure of basement and evolution of the Junggar basin as well as radioactive heat production in sedimentary rocks.