This article deals with a recent revision of the terminology of the Sections Central Nervous System (CNS; Systema nervosum centrale) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS; Systema nervosum periphericum) of the Terminologia Anatomica (TA, 1998) and the Terminologia Histologica (TH, 2008). These sections were extensively updated by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT) Working Group Neuroanatomy of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). After extensive discussions by FIPAT, and consultation with the IFAA Member Societies, these parts were merged to form a Terminologia Neuroanatomica (TNA). After validation at the IFAA Executive Meeting, September 22, 2016, the TNA has been placed on the open part of the FIPAT website (http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca) as the official FIPAT Terminology. This article outlines the major differences between the TNA and the TA. Clin. Anat. 30:145–155, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.