AbstractThis article develops and discusses a practical and useful computer control scheme so that the biomass concentration or the specific growth rate will as accurately as possible follow a desired profile specified in advance. Many computer simulations certified the validity of the proposed control scheme. The control scheme proposed, called “programmed‐controller/feedback‐compensator (PF) system,” consists of a programmed controller that will follow the desired profile unless there is noise or disturbance and a feedback compensator that will compensate the noise and correct error in the model parameters. As the feedback compensator, the model reference adaptive control (MRAC) algorithm was also proposed. The PF system with MRAC, named PF–MRAC, could be used sufficiently for the profile control of the specific growth rate. For the profile control of the cell concentration, “predictive control algorithm” should be added to the PF system, and the consequent control scheme was named as the PFP system. Many numerical examples showed that the PFP system with MRAC, named PFP–MRAC, proposed here worked sufficiently well.