
AbstractSclerosteosis, a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the Sost gene, manifests in the facial skeleton by gigantism, facial distortion, mandibular prognathism, cranial nerve palsy, and, in extreme cases, compression of the medulla oblongata. Mice lacking sclerostin reflect some symptoms of sclerosteosis, but this is the first report of the effect on the facial skeleton. We used geometric morphometrics (GMM) to analyze the deformations of the murine facial skeleton from the wild‐type to the Sost gene knockout. Landmark coordinates were obtained by surface reconstructions from micro‐computed tomography. Centroid size, principal component scores in shape space and form space, and asymmetry were computed by the standard GMM formulas, and dental and skeletal jaw lengths were examined as ratios. We show here that, compared to wild type controls, mice lacking Sost have larger centroid size (effect size, p‐value: 4.59, <.001), higher mean asymmetry (1.14, .065), dental and skeletal mandibular prognathism (1.36, .010 and 5.92, <.001), a smaller foramen magnum (−1.71, .015), and calvaria that are more highly curved (form space p = 4.09, .002; shape space p = 12.82, .002). These features of mice lacking sclerostin largely correspond to the changes of the facial skeleton observed in sclerosteosis. This alignment further supports claims that the Sost gene plays a fundamental role in bony facial development in rodents and humans alike.
Histology, sclerostin, WNT, Mice, Animals, Humans, mouse models, geometric morphometrics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN, Mice, Knockout, SOST/SCLEROSTIN, DELETION, 106018 Human biology, Skull, AR Wow ‐ Video Article / Cover, X-Ray Microtomography, Hyperostosis, 106018 Humanbiologie, GENE, MICE, ASYMMETRY, Mutation, SHAPE, cranial morphology, Syndactyly, Anatomy, FORM, Biotechnology
Histology, sclerostin, WNT, Mice, Animals, Humans, mouse models, geometric morphometrics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN, Mice, Knockout, SOST/SCLEROSTIN, DELETION, 106018 Human biology, Skull, AR Wow ‐ Video Article / Cover, X-Ray Microtomography, Hyperostosis, 106018 Humanbiologie, GENE, MICE, ASYMMETRY, Mutation, SHAPE, cranial morphology, Syndactyly, Anatomy, FORM, Biotechnology
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 10 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
