This book addresses principles and practical applications of membrane distillation and osmotic distillation, separation technologies which are gaining increasing attention due to their advantages over conventional concentration processes. Addresses membrane and osmotic distillation, two closely related and novel processes that offer several advantages over conventional concentration processes. Has a widespread impact and application of the technology in industries such as food, environment, and nuclear clean-up / containment. Covers theoretical aspects of both processes, the properties of hydrophobic membranes, process economics, integrated processes and future prospects. Caters the presentation caters for the diversity of readership with respect to links with membrane technologies.