A low compressive strength (2 to 4 MPa) but very simple and inexpensive orthopedic CaHPO 4 cement was developed by using commercially available Ca(OH) 2 powders as the only starting powder component. The setting solution used was a special aqueous phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) solution, with a small amount of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) dissolved in it. Calcium was provided by the powder component, and all of the phosphate came from the setting solution. The setting solution was acidic, and this helped to neutralize Ca(OH) 2 only to the extent of forming the phase of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA, monetite), CaHPO 4 . At an L/P (liquid-to-powder) ratio of 1.54 and Ca/P molar ratio of 0.9, the cements had an initial setting time of 19±2 minutes. Set cements comprised only crystalline CaHPO 4 . Monetite has a higher solubility than octacalcium phosphate, β-tricalcium phosphate and calcium hydroxyapatite in aqueous solutions at the physiological pH. This new cement was considered to exhibit a higher in vivo resorbability in comparison to the apatitic cements. Cement samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. Compressive strength, initial and final setting times (with the use of Gillmore needles) of the cement samples were also reported.