VACCINIA of the eyelid is a rare complication of vaccination considering the frequency of administration of this procedure. Well over 200 cases, however, have been reported in the world literature since the introduction of vaccination in 1796. 1 In large scale vaccination programs, several ocular vaccinial infections have been observed. 2,3 The patient whose case is reported here presented with typical vaccinial blepharoconjunctivitis. The diagnosis was confirmed by virologic and electron microscopic studies. Report of a Case A 25-year-old housewife was admitted to Methodist Hospital on Aug 21, 1965, because of a swollen, painful left eye of two days' duration. On Aug 10, a smallpox vaccination over the medial border of the left scapula was performed. On Aug 15, a typical vaccinia reaction was noted at the site of vaccination, with formation of a papule which became vesicular and finally crusted. On Aug 19, the patient noted itching and minimal