The symptom of vertigo was for the first time associated with disease of the internal ear by Meniere in 1861. Previous to that year, vertigo was considered to be a symptom distinctly of intracranial disease. Meniere published a series of articles on the occurrence of disease of the internal ear presenting symptoms resembling cerebral apoplexy. Eleven cases in all were reported, in which in the absence of any previous ear trouble the patient was suddenly seized with vertigo, associated with tinnitus and deafness. One of his patients died from an unknown cause five days after the attack of vertigo. The macroscopic postmortem examination disclosed a grumous mass filling the semicircular canals. No lesion was detected in the brain or spinal cord. On the basis of these findings, together with the facts regarding disturbance of equilibrium brought out by the experiments which Flourens had previously carried out on the semicircular canals