A FEW DECADES ago the criticism passed on BCG vaccination was sharp indeed. From the United States, 1 Canada, 2 England, 3 Austria, 4 Switzerland, 5 France 6 and Sweden, 7 severe observations were made on the hypothetic clinicoimmunobiologic prerequisites for Calmette's method of vaccination and on the very optimistic and scientifically assailable reports on the results achieved. Then, on top of this criticism, came the Lubeck tragedy, 8 in which a number of newborn infants died after being given what was alleged to be BCG vaccine, but what was in reality a mixture of BCG and virulent tubercle bacilli. After this incident Calmette's vaccination was not worth much in the eyes of most persons, and in some countries its use was forbidden by law. It was more or less generally predicted that this vaccination would soon die out, to become part of the past in the history of the