THE SURGICAL treatment of Meniere's disease must be based as far as possible on physiopathological concepts and must take into account all the anatomical and pathological data published to date. Meniere's disease corresponds to an increase in the pressure of the endolymph in comparison with that of the perilymph. It is, therefore, probably conditioned by a perturbation in the secretion mechanisms or in the resorption of endolymph. This pathogenical definition is no longer a simple hypothesis since it has been proven by the findings of the past 30 years. In 1871, Knapp 1 was already comparing Meniere's disease to glaucoma of the eye. In 1926 G. Portmann 2 proposed and successfully performed the first physiological drainage operation against this sort of "glaucoma" of the ear by analogy with the operation for glaucoma carried out in his university by the ophthalmologist Lagrange. In 1938 there finally came the histological findings of