During the past 10 years ophthalmologists have altered the point of view of physicians toward minor disorders of gestation by demonstrating that rubella and Toxoplasma may produce severe structural defects in the fetus. Further studies on children who were affected by maternal rubella infections during the first trimester of pregnancy (in the Australian epidemic of 1940 to 1943) have revealed a high percentage of retinal lesions. Hamilton and associates ' studied the children in the Tasmanian Institution for the Blind. Deaf and Dumb and found that of the 29 children who were deaf from maternal rubella infections, 13 had retinitis. Morlet2 examined 60 "rubella children" in Western Australia and found that 36 of them had chorioretinal lesions. The fundus changes were divided into three types: (1) gross and general pigmentary changes; (2) fine, pepper-like pigmentary changes mainly in the periphery, and (3) waxy, disklike lesions with no obvious pigmentary changes. None of the children in Morlet's study who were so affected showed loss of central visual acuity attributable to the retinal lesions. Franceschetti and Bock 3 reported megalopapilla as a new congenital abnor¬ mality. A man aged 25 with a slightly hypermetropie refractive error had disks