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Türk Ceza ve Ceza Muhakemesi hukukunda uzlaşma

Conciliation in Turkish criminal and penal procedure law
Authors: Balcı Demirel, Nezihe;

Türk Ceza ve Ceza Muhakemesi hukukunda uzlaşma

Abstract

Conciliation, which is one of the alternative dispute resolution methods, is the compromise of the perpetrator and the victim or the aggrieved by the aid of an independent mediator for compensating the damage arising from the crime. The purpose of conciliation is to compensate the damage of the victim arising from the crime, to establish peace between the perpetrator and the victim and to decrease the workload of judicial authorities. The conciliation institution has recently been introduced to Turkish Criminal Code legislation. It has been regulated in 24th Article of Child Welfare Act No: 5395 and 253rd, 254th, 255th articles of Penal Procedure Law No: 5271. For the crimes that are subject to conciliation, if the aggrieved party is a real person or private law legal entity, the Public Prosecutor has to seek for conciliation if there are sufficient evidences to initiate a criminal case against the perpetrator. The public prosecutor or the judge can initiate the conciliation, they can also make a request to the bar association to assign a lawyer as a conciliator or they can assign a person with law school degree as a conciliator. The conciliator must be independent and objective. The arbitration negotiations are conducted in private. The comments made during these negotiations cannot be used as evidence in any investigation, prosecution or case. The perpetuator and the victim must reconcile with their free wills. If the execution is performed at once, decision of non-prosecution is taken, it is decided to drop the public case against the perpetrator at prosecution phase; if the execution is brought forward, split into installments or it is continuous, it is decided to postpone the public case against the suspect and to adjourn the declaration of the decision regarding the perpetrator in prosecution phase. In case the parties reconcile with each other, action for damages cannot be claimed for the subject crime and the existing case is deemed to be waived.

Alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm yöntemi olan uzlaşma, fail ile mağdur veya suçtan zarar görenin bağımsız bir arabulucunun yardımı ile suçtan doğan zararın giderilmesi konusunda anlaşmalarıdır. Uzlaşmanın amacı, mağdurun suçtan doğan zararının giderilmesi, fail ve mağdur arasında barışın sağlanması, yargılama makamlarının iş yükünün azaltılmasıdır. Uzlaşma kurumu ceza hukukumuza yeni girmiştir. Mevzuatımızda ilk defa 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu'nun 73/8, 5271 sayılı Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu'nun 253, 254, 255 ve 5395 sayılı Çocuk Koruma Kanunu'nun 24. maddelerinde düzenlenmiştir. Uzlaştırmaya tabi suçlarda suçtan zarar görenin gerçek kişi veya özel hukuk tüzel kişisi olması halinde, Cumhuriyet savcısı fail hakkında kamu davası açılması için yeterli delil bulunuyorsa uzlaşma yoluna başvurmak zorundadır. Cumhuriyet savcısı veya hakim uzlaştırmayı kendisi gerçekleştirebileceği gibi, bir avukatın uzlaştırmacı olarak görevlendirilmesini barodan isteyebilir veya hukuk öğrenimi görmüş olan bir kişiyi uzlaştırmacı olarak görevlendirebilir. Uzlaştırmacının bağımsız ve tarafsız olması gerekir. Uzlaştırma müzakereleri gizli yürütülür. Müzakereler sırasında yapılan açıklamalar herhangi bir soruşturma ve kovuşturmada ya da davada delil olarak kullanılamaz. Fail ile mağdurun özgür iradeleri ile uzlaşmanın gerçekleşmesi gerekir. Uzlaşma sonunda edimin bir defada yerine getirilmesi halinde, soruşturma evresinde şüpheli hakkında kovuşturmaya yer olmadığına, kovuşturma evresinde sanık hakkında kamu davasının düşürülmesine, edimin yerine getirilmesinin ileri bir tarihe bırakılması, takside bağlanması veya süreklilik arzetmesi halinde soruşturma evresinde şüpheli hakkında kamu davasının açılmasının ertelenmesine, kovuşturma evresinde ise sanık hakkında hükmün açıklanmasının geri bırakılmasına karar verilir. Uzlaşmanın gerçekleşmesi halinde, soruşturmaya konu olan suç nedeniyle tazminat davası açılamaz, açılmış olan davadan feragat edilmiş sayılır.

156

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Hukuk, Turkish criminal law, Law of Criminal Procedure, Restorative justice, Turkish Penal Code, Complaint, Reconciliation, Law

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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