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Silahlı Saldırı Hazırlığında Mimari Tasarım: Simülasyon Tabanlı Sistematik Bir İnceleme

Authors: Topraklı, Abdurrahman Yağmur; Satır, Muhsin Selçuk;

Silahlı Saldırı Hazırlığında Mimari Tasarım: Simülasyon Tabanlı Sistematik Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Silahlı saldırı olayları, yapılı çevre sakinlerinin güvenliği için ciddi bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu sistematik inceleme, silahlı saldırı risklerini azaltmak ve insanların güvenliğini artırmak için bina tasarım stratejilerine ilişkin araştırmaları, özellikle de simülasyon modellemesini kullanan çalışmalara odaklanarak metodik bir şekilde incelemektedir. PRISMA çerçevesini kullanarak, 2000'den beri yayınlanmış 75 ilgili çalışma analiz edilmiştir. İnceleme, çıkış tasarımı ve mekansal tasarımın tahliye verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi; erişim kontrolü, gözetleme sistemleri ve kurşun geçirmez malzemeler gibi güvenlik özelliklerinin etkinliği; ve iletişim sistemlerinin bilgi paylaşımını ve acil durum müdahalesini kolaylaştırmadaki rolü dahil olmak üzere temel temalar genelinde bulguları sentezlemektedir. Farklı simülasyon modelleme yaklaşımlarının güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendirerek, insan davranış dinamiklerini anlama ve kanıta dayalı tasarım stratejilerini bilgilendirme konusundaki katkıları vurgulanmıştır. İnceleme ayrıca, silahlı saldırılar sırasında sakinlerin güvenliğinini artırmak için bina tasarımını optimize etmeye yönelik bilgi boşluklarını ve gelecekteki araştırma yönlerini belirlemektedir.

Active shooter incidents (ASIs) pose a grave threat to occupant safety in built environments. This systematic review methodically examines research on building design strategies to mitigate ASI risks and enhance occupant safety, with a particular emphasis on studies utilizing simulation modeling. Employing the PRISMA framework, we analyzed 75 relevant studies published since 2000. The review synthesizes findings across key themes, including: the impact of exit design and spatial configuration on evacuation efficiency; the effectiveness of security features such as access control, surveillance systems, and bullet-resistant materials; and the role of communication systems in facilitating information sharing and emergency response. We critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of different simulation modeling approaches, highlighting their contributions to understanding human behavior dynamics and informing evidence-based design strategies. The review also identifies knowledge gaps and future research directions for optimizing building design to enhance occupant safety and resilience during ASIs.

Keywords

Active shooter;building design;evacuation simulation;communication systems;occupant safety, Architecture (Other), Mimarlık (Diğer), Silahlı saldırı;Bina tasarımı;tahliye simülasyonu;iletişim sistemleri;kullanıcı güvenliği

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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