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Dominant perceptual activity and its influence on the formation of speech of children with special educational needs

Dominant perceptual activity and its influence on the formation of speech of children with special educational needs

Abstract

One of the main tasks of correctional pedagogy and psychology is to identify the reserves of personality development, its strengths, which will improve the quality of education and upbringing and reduce physical and mental stress on the child and adult. Our many years of research have allowed us to identify the sensory reserves of personality development. In particular, it is the use of intact sensory systems, which it is advisable to rely on when forming speech in a child, in the development of a number of its mental functions, activation of cognitive capacity. Of particular importance is the consideration of the leading mode of perception inherent in a particular child, taking into account the nature of the disorder. Quite often, the congenital leading type of perception is associated with the affected sensory system, in particular visual perception in children with visual impairments and auditory in children with hearing impairments. In this case, children face significant difficulties in learning. The specific imbalance in the sensory capabilities of such a child is not diagnosed by specialists, and the educators do not take into account the specific consequences of the association of sensory impairment with the corresponding leading sensory channel. Ignoring such phenomena affects the adequacy of diagnosis, mixing sensory difficulties with intellectual disabilities. Children with congenital leading sensory ducts require the selection of appropriate content and special techniques for compensating and harmonizing the functioning of the sensory systems. Among the analytical systems that can activate the visual perception of a child with special educational needs, one can distinguish tactile-visual-motor perception as such that organizes the activity of the visual system.

Одним з основних завдань корекційної педагогіки і психології є виявлення резервів розвитку особистості, її сильних сторін, які дозволять удосконалити якість навчання і виховання та зменшити фізичні і психічні навантаження на дитину та дорослого, який з нею працює. Проведені дослідження дозволили виділити сенсорні резерви розвитку особистості: використання неушкоджених сенсорних систем, на які доцільно спиратись під час формування мовлення у дитини, для розвитку цілого ряду її психічних функцій, активізації пізнавальних можливостей. Особливого значення набуває врахування провідного способу сприймання, притаманного конкретній дитині, з врахуванням характеру порушення. Досить часто вроджений провідний тип сприймання пов’язаний з ураженою сенсорною системою, зокрема зорове сприймання у дітей з порушеннями зору, а слухове у дітей, які мають порушення слуху. У такому випадку діти зустрічаються зі значними труднощами у процесі навчання. Специфічний дисбаланс у сенсорних можливостях такої дитини фахівці не діагностують, а педагоги не беруть до уваги специфічні наслідки зв’язку сенсорного порушення з відповідним провідним сенсорним каналом.

Keywords

leading way of perception, зорове сприймання, слухове сприймання, reserves of development, компенсаторно-корекційне навчання, сенсорне порушення, мовленнєве порушення, провідний спосіб сприймання, сенсорний розвиток, тактильно-зоро-кінестетичне сприймання, резерви розвитку, sensory development

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold