Aim. Evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic informative value of factors that determine the hearing impairment in prematurely born children with extremely low body weight (ELBW) up to the age of three month old. Methods. Audiological screening of 65 prematurely born infants with ELBW was carried out by the method of induced otoacoustic emission (IOAE) (delayed otoacoustic emission and otoacoustic emission on the distortion product frequency) using the “OtoRid” apparatus (Denmark). Result. Only 7 newborns (10,8% from all examined) passed the primary screening successfully, 58 children did not pass the test (89,2%), among them 49 children did not pass the test on two ears and 9 children – on the one ear. Conclusions. Among children with extremely low birth weight the frequency of hearing impairment is 89,2% at the primary examination what is connected with the severity of perinatal pathology at the background of immaturity of the sensor part of hearing apparatus. The audiological screening is necessary for all newborns and especially children with ELBW at birth. Registration of otoacoustic emission by “OtoRid” apparatus is objective, distinct, noninvasive, fast test on detection of defects of sound information perception. Dynamic observation over children with hearing impairment according to the elaborated individual algorithms will favor the development of the unified strategy in the system of catamnestic observation and timely sound reinforcement if necessary

В статье представлены результаты изучения интра- и постнатальных факторов, детерминирующих нарушение слуха в периоде новорожденности и к 3-х месячному возрасту у детей, рожденных преждевременно с перинатальной патологией. Установлена их диагностическая и прогностическая информативность для разработки эффективного прогностического алгоритма в системе катамнестического наблюдения. Доказана высокая прогностическая информативность данных первичного аудиологического обследования у недоношенных, родившихся с экстремально низкой массой тела