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Ways to improve provisions of the stages of committing a crime and voluntary refusal

Ways to improve provisions of the stages of committing a crime and voluntary refusal

Abstract

The article analyzes the draft of the new Criminal Code (hereinafter – the Draft), which was prepared by the working group on the development of criminal law within the Commission on Legal Reform, established by Presidential Decree No 584/2019 of 07.08.2019. The research is focused on the provisions of unconsummated crime and voluntary refusal in case of unconsummated crime, stipulated by section 2.4 of the Draft. It is established that these provisions do not fully comply with the principle of legal certainty, which is stipulated by Art. 1.2.3 of the Draft.The arguments provided in favor of the fact that the provisions of voluntary refusal in case of unconsummated crime (Article 2.4.4 of the Draft) and voluntary refusal in case of unconsummated crime committed in complicity (Article 2.4.5 of the Draft) should not be stipulated by section 2.4, which is called «Unconsummated Crime». The conclusion is proven that the provisions of voluntary refusal should be stipulated by a separate section of the General Part of the Criminal Code. This conclusion is made from the fact that these provisions have only their inherent legal nature, which is different from the legal nature of the provisions of the unconsummated crime. In addition, these provisions have the characteristics of an independent institution of criminal law. In this regard, the provisions of voluntary refusal may claim some separation in the system of criminal law. It is proposed to place the provisions of voluntary refusal in a separate section of the General Part of the Draft after the provisions of unconsummated crime and after the provisions of complicity in crime.Attention is drawn to the conceptual incompatibility of the concepts of «unconsummated crime» and «stages of committing a crime». The term «unconsummated crime» logically corresponds to the French legal system, while the «stage of committing a crime» – to the German. Simultaneous use of them in the Criminal Code causes contradictions in the interpretation of criminal-legislative provisions.It is proposed to eliminate this contradiction by choosing the French or German legal system by the developers of the Draft, which will then become a fundamental basis for developing conceptually agreed provisions.

В статье анализируется проект нового уголовного кодекса (далее – Проект), который был подготовлен рабочей группой по вопросам развития уголовного права в рамках работы Комиссии по вопросам правовой реформы, созданной в соответствии с Указом Президента Украины от 7 августа 2019 г. № 584/2019. Основное внимание в исследовании уделяется нормам о неоконченном преступлении и о добровольном отказе от неоконченного преступления, предусмотренным разделом 2.4 Проекта. Установлено, что эти нормы не совсем соответствуют принципу правовой определенности, предусмотренному ст. 1.2.3 Проекта.

У статті аналізується проєкт нового кримінального кодексу (надалі – Проєкт), який був підготовлений робочою групою з питань розвитку кримінального права в межах роботи Комісії з питань правової реформи, створеної відповідно до Указу Президента України від 7 серпня 2019 р. № 584/2019. Дослідження зосереджено на нормах про незакінчений злочин та про добровільну відмову при незакінченому злочині, що передбачені розділом 2.4 Проєкту. Встановлено, що ці норми не зовсім відповідають принципу юридичної визначеності, який передбачений ст. 1.2.3 Проєкту.

Keywords

stages of committing a crime; unconsummated crime; preparation for crime; criminal attempt; voluntary refusal, стадии совершения преступления; неоконченное преступление; приготовление к преступлению; покушение на преступление; добровольный отказ, 343.2, стадії вчинення злочину; незакінчений злочин; готування до злочину; замах на злочин; добровільна відмова

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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