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Peculiarities of development of programming and control functions in children with disorders of written speech

Peculiarities of development of programming and control functions in children with disorders of written speech

Abstract

Younger school age is characterized by the rapid development of arbitrary forms of activity, the formation of higher mental functions (L. Vygotsky, M. Matveeva, etc.). In addition, at this age, the social situation of development, namely the beginning of schooling, makes increased demands on the level of formation of arbitrary regulation of activities. In such conditions, even a slight lack of regulation and control affects the possibility of successful adaptation of the child to the learning situation. The formation of writing skills is a long and complex process both in the structure of the act of writing and the formation of skills and psychophysiological mechanisms that underlie it. In neuropsychology, according to the principle of systemic structure of higher mental functions, writing, or more broadly - written speech, is considered as a complex functional system, which includes many components that rely on the work of different parts of the brain. Lack of arbitrary regulation of processes (planning and control functions). Problems with maintaining arbitrary attention, problems of task orientation, inclusion in the task, impulsiveness of decisions and inertia, problems of switching from one task to another are well known to teachers. In writing, children have difficulties such as regulatory dysgraphia. Namely, errors such as program simplification and pathological inertia are typical. Lack of orientation in the task, distribution of attention and control lead to errors in writing - scientists with speech disorders make the following mistakes: perseverance of letters, perseveration of letter elements (this error is most common in children with insufficient efferent or kinetic organization of movements); omission of elements of letters, letters and syllables; "Sticking" (contamination) of words; anticipation (prediction) of letters ("running in the sky"); errors of language analysis (for example, merged spelling of words instead of separate, lack of selection of the beginning of the sentence), spelling errors (the presence of spelling always complicates the spelling program). The study revealed a low and medium level of development of programming and control in writing.

У статті розглядається проблема порушень функцій програмування та контролю у дітей з порушеннями писемного мовлення. З’ясовано, що формування навички письма – це тривалий та складний процес і за структурою самого акту письма, і формуванням навичок та психофізіологічних механізмів, що лежать в його основі. У нейропсихології відповідно до принципу системної будови вищих психічних функцій письмо, або ширше – писемне мовлення, розглядається як складна функціональна система, до складу яких входить багато компонентів, що опираються на роботу різних ділянок мозку. Розкрито особливості розвитку порушення письма у дітей з порушеннями писемного мовлення: персеверації букв, персеверації елементів літери; пропуск елементів літери, літер та складів; «злипання» (контамінації) слів; антиципації (передбачення) літер; помилки мовного аналізу; орфографічні та графічні помилки. Описані результати проведеного дослідження що рівня сформованості програмування та контролю у дітей з порушеннями мовлення. Виявлено середній та низький рівень сформованості регуляторних функцій у дітей з дисграфією.

Keywords

dysgraphia, контроль, програмування, порушення писемного мовлення, written speech, дисграфія, programming, control, писемне мовлення, written speech disorders

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average