In the context of the full-scale Russian invasion and active destruction of critical infrastructure facilities by missiles, guided aerial bombs and kamikaze drones, the task of reliable protection of these facilities is urgent. To solve this problem, various air defence systems, mobile rifle groups, infrastructure defences, electronic warfare systems, etc. are used. However, the high cost of building defences and missiles for air defence, the complex trajectory of enemy objects, which complicates the effective operation of mobile rifle groups, makes the solution to this problem ineffective.To increase the efficiency of critical infrastructure protection, it is proposed to use a multi-agent system based on a swarm of multi-copter drones, which is deployed within a certain object. The agent of this system is planned to use multicopter drones that perform the functions of detecting an enemy object, recognising it, determining its trajectory and movement parameters, and then neutralising it by detonating a cumulative charge in the immediate vicinity of the enemy UAV. To do this, a multiagent system based on intelligent algorithms must develop an automatic decision on which of the drones should move to intercept the enemy UAV and along which trajectory. In order to effectively implement this hypothesis, it is important to choose the right type of multicopter drone.Previous attempts to systematise information have been largely general in nature. A lot of information is in the public domain.Therefore, this work is aimed at analysing the main parameters of existing drones for various purposes in order to select the optimal UAV for use as part of a multi-agent system. This paper reviews the parameters of the main attack drones of the Russian Federation of the Shahed type, their communication and flight control systems. The article analyses FPV drones, which are proposed to be used as a prototype for the future system. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of small UAVs are noted.Adapted versions of the multi-copter drone design developed by scientists of the National University of Chernihiv Polytechnic are presented, which have advantages over commercial analogues in terms of load capacity, power supply, flight time, etc.Particular attention is paid to the power supply systems for multi-rotor UAVs. The features of rechargeable batteries and current trends in the development of semiconductor energy converters used to power drones are considered.After analysing several types of UAVs, it can be concluded that the FPV drone is the most suitable for performing tasks related to the detection and neutralisation of a low-speed aircraft target within the framework of a multi-agent system for the protection of critical infrastructure. The disadvantages of this type of UAV, associated with a small range and operating time, can be partially compensated for by using intelligent algorithms for controlling electric motors and alternately changing the elements of the multi-agent system ‘on duty’. This is made possible by the use of open-source flight controllers. The second significant drawback of such drones is the need for the operator to be close to the target, which creates a certain delay associated with thehuman factor. Therefore, in this context, UAVs, which are elements of a multi-agent system, should use an advanced informationand measurement system that, based on information from various sensors, using intelligent algorithms based on artificial intelligencemethods, will make an automatic decision to identify the target, determine the trajectory, intercept and neutralise the dronecloser to the target. This will be the focus of further research within the framework of R&D 0123U101819 ‘Multi-agent system forthe protection of critical infrastructure facilities based on a swarm of multi-copter drones’.

Стаття має оглядовий характер, та містить коротку характеристику автономних та FPV дронів на прикладі найбільш поширених варіантів, які зараз використовуються у Російсько-Українській війні. На основі проведеного аналізу відзначено особливості кожного типу дронів, що дозволяє аргументовано обрати варіант дрона, який найбільше підходить для перехоплення ворожих безпілотних літальних апаратів у складі мультиагентної системи.