Introduction. The full-scale Russian invasion has created numerous extreme situations in Ukraine. Under such conditions, it is critical to have an effective system of psychological support, training, and assistance for both civilians and, particularly, servicemen who are subjected to intense traumatic stress. The most important indicators of military personnel's psychological readiness for activities in combat (extreme) conditions are their adaptive abilities to stress, emotional resilience, and professional reliability. The psychological resilience of servicemen is particularly crucial in conditions of constant stress during combat operations. Psychological factors that contribute to resilience are considered key components that work alongside physical and physiological elements. Purpose: The aim of our study is to theoretically substantiate and empirically identify the features of servicemen's psychological readiness for activity in extreme (combat) conditions. Methods. To address the tasks set in the study, we used the following research methods in the empirical study: the Holmes-Rahe method for determining the level of stress resistance and personal adaptability; the Luscher Color Test for a differentiated assessment of state and diagnostics of self-regulation effectiveness. The procedure of ranking eight colors allowed us to calculate indicators of total deviation (TD) from the autogenic norm (AT-norm) and the vegetative coefficient (VC) by Shiposh. Originality. The level of personal stress resistance and adaptability was determined using the Holmes-Rahe methodology. A very high and high level of stress resistance was demonstrated by 47.4% of the servicemen, who are characterized by stress resistance and a low level of stress load, making their activities quite effective. A threshold level of stress resistance was found in 36.8% of the subjects, characterized by a medium level of stress load. A low level of stress resistance was identified in 15.8% of the servicemen, which manifests in low stress resistance, and they are not recommended for activities associated with stress; instead, active mastery of stress self-regulation methods is recommended. The subjects most frequently noted stressogenic life events related to transitioning to military service in the international legion. The Luscher Color Test was used for diagnostics of self-regulation effectiveness. The average total deviation from the autogenic norm of Valnefer TD = 15.38 indicates a slight deviation from the AT-norm, which measures the harmony and internal optimality of an individual's nervous and psychological state. In the sample of servicemen under study, an average level of non-productive nervous-psychological tension dominates (56.25%), with sufficient physical and mental health resources, enabling them to cope with their professional tasks. Non-productive nervous-psychological tension is absent in 6.25% and is insignificant in 25% of the subjects. This level is characterized by a highly resourceful state that allows them to easily overcome stressful situations and focus their attention on professional activity. An elevated level of non-productive nervous-psychological tension was found in 12.5% of the studied servicemen, whose overall psycho-emotional state is distinguished by heightened excitability, anxiety, and insecurity. The highest level, characterized by pronounced non-productive nervous-psychological tension, was not found in the sample of legionnaires. The vegetative coefficient (VC) of the studied servicemen, determined by the Luscher test, has an average value indicating a slight deviation from the vegetative balance. Conclusion. The psychological readiness of servicemen for activities in combat (extreme) conditions is evidenced by stress resistance, sufficient physical and mental health resources, and an internal readiness to apply effort to activities. To enhance psychological readiness for actions in extreme conditions, individual optimization of adaptive capabilities and the acquisition of psychological self-regulation skills are especially important.

У статті проаналізовано проблему розвитку адаптивних здібностей людини до екстремальних умов життєдіяльності. Подано результати емпіричного дослідження психологічної готовності військовослужбовців-легіонерів до діяльності в бойових умовах. Визначено рівень стресостійкості та адаптивності, ефективність саморегуляції та рівень непродуктивної нервово-психічної напруженості, що є ресурсом фізичного та психічного здоров’я особистості.