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EDUCATIONAL ISSUES DISCUSSED AT THE EDUCATIONAL CONGRESSES HELD IN CHERNIHIV AND KYIV IN 1916-1917

EDUCATIONAL ISSUES DISCUSSED AT THE EDUCATIONAL CONGRESSES HELD IN CHERNIHIV AND KYIV IN 1916-1917

Abstract

This article is devoted to the study of three educational congresses that took place in Ukraine during 1916-1917. This period is characterized by hostilities, vivid societal transformations, and, as a result, crucial changes in the educational system. It is what gives relevance to this historical and pedagogical study today when we experience essential changes in Ukrainian education, which are due to martial law, changes in public life, and reform of school education. Analysis of literature and primary sources showed that during this period, educators at these congresses identified the education of a comprehensively developed and harmonious personality as the priority task of the school. They introduced the idea of educational training and emphasized the importance of school and family collaboration. Moreover, they discussed the introduction of formative assessment and the abolition of a “stick and carrot” approach as a method of education. Delegates of pedagogical congresses pointed out the following issues: importance of labor education through feasible work for the development of the will; physical education through constant physical exercises in the fresh air and the gymnasium, through participation in sports holidays, but the emphasis was more on the development of the will than on the development of sports abilities; national education through acquaintance with the customs and traditions of their people, and the Ukrainianization of schools; aesthetic education through the development of creative abilities and artistic taste. Teachers raised the issue of the child-centered educational process during this period.

Статтю присвячено вивченню трьох освітянських з’їздів, які відбулися в Україні в 1916 – 1917 роках. Вивчення досвіду перебудови освіти під час воєнних дій і бурхливих трансформацій у суспільстві надає актуальності даному історіко-педагогічному дослідженню. Основними здобутками зазначеного періоду були такі: провідне завдання школи – виховання всебічно розвиненої і гармонійної особистості (ідея виховуючого навчання); запровадження формувального оцінювання; скасування заохочень і покарань як методів виховання; акцент трудового і фізичного виховання зміщувався на виховання волі; естетичного виховання – на розвиток художнього смаку і творчих здібностей; делегати порушували питання національного виховання, українізації шкіл і дитиноцентричності освітньо-виховного процесу.

Keywords

фізичне виховання, aesthetic education, labor education, моральне виховання, освітянські з’їзди, трудове виховання, physical education, сімейне виховання, національне виховання, national education, educational congresses, естетичне виховання, family education, moral education

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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