Tobacco smoking and oral clefts: a meta-analysis.
Copyright policy )Tobacco smoking and oral clefts: a meta-analysis.
To examine the association between maternal smoking and non-syndromic orofacial clefts in infants.A meta-analysis of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy was carried out using data from 24 case-control and cohort studies.Consistent, moderate and statistically significant associations were found between maternal smoking and cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (relative risk 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.25-1.44) and between maternal smoking and cleft palate (relative risk 1.22, 95% confidence interval 1.10-1.35). There was evidence of a modest dose-response effect for cleft lip with or without cleft palate.The evidence of an association between maternal tobacco smoking and orofacial clefts is strong enough to justify its use in anti-smoking campaigns.
- University of Aberdeen United Kingdom
Cleft lip/epidemiology, Dose-response relationship, Cleft palate/epidemiology, Cleft Lip, Case-control studies, Global Health, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Smoking/adverse effects, Humans, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Smoking, Cleft lip/etiology, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Tobacco Products, Newborn, Cleft Palate, Meta-analysis, Cleft palate/etiology, Case-Control Studies, Cohort studies, Female, Drug, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Cleft lip/epidemiology, Dose-response relationship, Cleft palate/epidemiology, Cleft Lip, Case-control studies, Global Health, Cohort Studies, Pregnancy, Smoking/adverse effects, Humans, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Smoking, Cleft lip/etiology, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Tobacco Products, Newborn, Cleft Palate, Meta-analysis, Cleft palate/etiology, Case-Control Studies, Cohort studies, Female, Drug, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources.This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).249 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 1% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
Citations provided by BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!