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[Shoulder instability: classification and methods of clinical examination].

Authors: Ozkan, Mustafa; Ekin, Ahmet; Bolukbası, Selcuk; Kanatli, Ulunay; Sagol, Ertan;

[Shoulder instability: classification and methods of clinical examination].

Abstract

The shoulder is a complex joint whose stability relies on both dynamic and static factors. Dysfunction of one of these components gives rise to shoulder problems. Diagnosis of shoulder instability depends on a detailed history and appropriate physical examination. Despite the presence of many tests, none has proved to be purely diagnostic for shoulder instability. Therefore, these tests should be regarded as a part of the diagnostic procedure rather than a referral to diagnosis itself. Tests performed to assess laxity and instability are different in nature; thus, positive laxity tests do not necessarily show instability unless supported by further evidence. The reliability of the tests for superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions has not been adequately validated by clinical studies and few anatomical studies have examined the effect of these tests on the superior labral complex.

Omuz eklemi karmaşık bir eklemdir. Bu eklemin stabilitesi dinamik ve statik faktörlere bağlıdır. Bu faktörlerden birinin eksik olması omuz sorunlarına neden olabilir. Omuz instabilitesinde tanı ayrıntılı öykü ve fizik muayeneye dayanır. İnstabilite tanısı için birçok test tanımlanmış olmasına karşın, bunların hiçbiri kesin tanı koydurucu değildir. Bu yüzden, bu testlere tam anlamıyla güvenilmemeli, daha çok tanısal girişimin bir parçası olarak düşünülmelidir. İnstabilite ve gevşeklik testleri birbirlerinden farklıdır. Destekleyici bulgular olmadan, gevşeklik testlerinin anlamlı olması hastada instabilite olduğunu kanıtlamaz. Süperior labrum anteroposterior lezyonlarını belirleyen testlerin güvenirliğini araştıran çalışmalar yeterli değildir; ayrıca, bu testlerin üst labral kompleks üzerinde etkisini araştıran anatomik çalışmalar çok azdır.

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Keywords

joint instability/classification;joint instability/diagnosis;joint instability/etiology;pain;physical examination;range of motion;articular;shoulder dislocation/diagnosis;shoulder dislocation/etiology, Joint Instability, Shoulder Joint, Humans, Physical Examination

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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