
handle: 20.500.13089/13u8t
Pour mieux comprendre l’ampleur des inégalités scolaires qui caractérise le système éducatif français, cet article approfondit une piste ouverte par Pierre Bourdieu et Jean-Claude Passeron dans les années 1960 en s’interrogeant sur ce que l’école n’enseigne pas, mais qui est nécessaire pour y apprendre. C’est ainsi une nouvelle forme du curriculum, le curriculum invisible, qui est proposée pour enrichir le tableau entrepris par la sociologie du curriculum. Les manifestations du curriculum invisible sont nombreuses et variées, mais difficiles à saisir pour des adultes à qui elles apparaissent « naturelles ». Pour mieux le faire percevoir, l’article développe plusieurs situations où il intervient. Puis il entreprend d’en décrire la teneur en insistant sur quatre propriétés majeures du curriculum invisible : l’appui sur des systèmes de signes, l’intrication de différentes dimensions à travers lesquelles il est susceptible de se manifester dans une même situation, l’articulation de ces différentes dimensions qui les rend difficilement discernables et enfin le domaine d’application du curriculum invisible, qui déborde des frontières de l’école.
To understand the extent of inequalities in schooling that characterize the French education system, this article explores an avenue opened up by Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron in the 1960s, by looking at what schools do not teach, but which is necessary for learning. A new form of curriculum, the invisible curriculum, is thus proposed to enrich the picture painted by the sociology of curriculum. The manifestations of the invisible curriculum are many and varied, but difficult to grasp for adults to whom they appear "natural". To make it easier to understand, the article describes several situations in which the invisible curriculum comes into play. It then goes on to describe the content of the invisible curriculum, focusing on four major properties: its reliance on systems of signs, the interweaving of different dimensions through which it may manifest itself in the same situation, the articulation of these different dimensions that makes them difficult to discern, and finally, the field of application of the invisible curriculum, which extends beyond the boundaries of the school.
sociologie du curriculum, école, school, inégalité scolaire, school inequality, teaching practice, pratique enseignante, sociology of the curriculum, learning difficulty, student activity, difficulté d’apprentissage, activité des élèves
sociologie du curriculum, école, school, inégalité scolaire, school inequality, teaching practice, pratique enseignante, sociology of the curriculum, learning difficulty, student activity, difficulté d’apprentissage, activité des élèves
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