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О происхождении второй буквы с в топониме Миасс: источниковедческий анализ

Authors: Babkin, M. A.;

О происхождении второй буквы с в топониме Миасс: источниковедческий анализ

Abstract

This article examines the historical development of the toponym Miass, the name of a river, a settlement founded near a metallurgical plant, and a station along the Trans-Siberian Railway. The settlement was established on 18 (29) September 1773 and was granted town status on 11 November 1919. Drawing on reference works, encyclopaedias, and cartographic publications from the late 19th to the early 20th century, the study investigates the emergence of the seconds in the toponym Miass and the corresponding adjective Miassky. The analysis reveals instability in the written forms of the toponyms Mias and Miyas prior to 1917, with sixteen different variants of the settlement name identified in published sources. In some cases, multiple spellings appear on the same page. Based on this evidence, the article challenges the commonly accepted view that the town’s name derives directly from that of the river. An alternative explanation is proposed: in the early 1890s, the name Miass became the official designation of the railway station, originating from one of the variant spellings of the settlement. In the 1910s, a process of toponymic standardization began. The name of the station was gradually extended to the river, and later, in 1919, to the town itself. By the late 1920s, the spelling Miass had become dominant in printed sources. Although instances of the earlier form Mias still appeared in the early 1930s, by the mid-1930s Miass had become the established and form of the toponym.

В статье рассматривается процесс исторического развития топонима Миасс — названия реки, населенного пункта при заводе и станции Транссибирской железнодорожной магистрали (населенный пункт был основан 18 (29) сентября 1773 г., а 11 ноября 1919 г. получил статус города). На основании анализа справочно-энциклопедических и картографических изданий второй половины XIX — первой трети XX в. исследуется вопрос о появлении второй буквы с в топониме Миаcс и прилагательном миасский. В частности, обнаружена неустойчивость топонимов Миас (Мияс): в изданиях, вышедших до 1917 г., выявлено 16 вариантов названия населенного пункта. На одной и той же странице его название нередко писалось в двух-трех вариантах. В результате проведенного исследования оспаривается звучащий в литературе тезис о происхождении названия города от названия реки. Предлагается оригинальная схема появления второй с: 1) от одного из вариантов наименования населенного пункта в начале 1890-х гг. возникло официальное название железнодорожной станции Миасс; 2) в 1910-е гг. начался процесс унификации топонимов: наименование станции постепенно было распространено на название реки, а позднее, в 1919 г., — города. В конце 1920-х гг. в печатных источниках закрепился почти единственный вариант топонимов — Миасс. И хотя в начале 1930-х гг. в некоторых изданиях еще встречалось употребление названия города и реки в виде Миас, со второй половины того же десятилетия топоним Миасс принял устойчивый вид.

Рукопись поступила в редакцию 04.09.2024. Рукопись принята к печати 04.12.2024.

Received on 4 September 2024. Accepted on 4 December 2024.

Keywords

ГОРОД МИАСС, ГИДРОНИМИЯ, ИСТОЧНИКОВЕДЕНИЕ, TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY, ТРАНССИБИРСКАЯ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНАЯ МАГИСТРАЛЬ, SOURCE STUDIES, HYDRONYMY, OIKONYMY, РЕКА МИАСС, MIASS RIVER, CITY OF MIASS, ТОПОНИМИЯ, ОЙКОНИМИЯ, TOPONYMY

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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