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Российский фактор в интеграционных процессах Центральной Азии

Authors: Sukhrob, R.;

Российский фактор в интеграционных процессах Центральной Азии

Abstract

The article examines the role and infl uence of the Russian Federation in the integration processes in the Central Asian region between five countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It is worth emphasizing that the Russian state in all its hypostases (the Russian Empire and the USSR) from the first days of the conquest of the territories of Central Asia was guided by a strategy aimed at uniting the entire Central Asian region into a single political and administrative region (Governor-General, Turkestan region, Central Asia) and also connected this region by all possible methods with the center (center-periphery): a) railways, b) sea and river channels, highways and by air communication. With the collapse of the USSR, the newly independent republics of Central Asia tried not only to preserve the decades-old joint regional production of heavy industry and unifi ed systems of electricity, cars and railways, but also set a course to unite the region into a single economic and political space like the European Union. It is important to note that since the collapse of the Soviet Union, a process has begun in almost all its parts (republics), which can be described as desovietization and derussification. Most of the republics have taken a course towards distancing and severing relations with the former metropolis (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Georgia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, etc.). But despite all of the above, Russia still plays one of the key roles in Central Asia and its factor in the integration process of this region is huge, and its denial or underestimation does not correspond to reality.

В статье рассматривается роль и влияние Российской Федерации в интеграционных процессах в регионе Центральной Азии между пятью странами: Казахстаном, Кыргызстаном, Таджикистаном, Туркменистаном и Узбекистаном. Стоит подчеркнуть, что Российское государство во всех его проявлениях (Российская империя и СССР) с первых дней завоевания территорий Центральной Азии руководствовалось стратегией, нацеленной на объе динение всего региона в единую политикодминистративную область (генерал-губернаторство, Туркестанская область, Средняя Азия), а также все возможными методами соединяла этот регион с центром (центр — периферия): а) железными дорогами, б) морскими и речными каналами, автомобильными дорогами и авиасообщением. С распадом СССР новые независимые республики Центральной Азии попытались не только сохранить налаженное десятилетиями совместное региональное производство в тяжелой промышленности и единые системы электроэнергии, авто и ж/д дороги, но и взяли курс на объединение региона в общее экономическое и политическое пространство по типу Европейского Союза. Важно отметить, что с момента распада Советского Союза практически во всех ее частях (республиках) начался процесс, который можно охарактеризовать как десоветизация и дерусификация. Большинство республик взяли курс на отдаление и разрыв отношений с бывшей метрополией (Латвия, Литва, Эстония, Грузия, Туркменистан, Узбекистан и др.). Но несмотря на вышесказанное, Россия до сих пор играет одну из ключевых ролей в Центральной Азии, ее фактор в интеграционном процессе данного региона огромен, и его отрицание или недооценка не соответствуют действительности.

Рукопись поступила в редакцию: 20.07.2022. Принята к публикации: 3.08.2022.

Received: 20.07.2022. Accepted: 3.08.2022.

Keywords

METROPOLIS, INTEGRATION PROCESSES, ИНТЕГРАЦИОННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ, СССР, NATION-BUILDING, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ АЗИЯ, CENTRAL ASIA, МЕТРОПОЛИЯ, РОССИЯ, EXTRA-REGIONAL ACTORS, ВНЕРЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АКТОРЫ, НАЦИЕСТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО, RUSSIA, USSR

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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