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Совхозное производство в Удмуртии в первые послевоенные годы (1946–1950)

Authors: Motrevich, V. P.; Mamyachenkov, V. N.;

Совхозное производство в Удмуртии в первые послевоенные годы (1946–1950)

Abstract

The article, based on the materials of the consolidated annual reports of Soviet farms of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, examines the production of their main types of products in the first post-war years. At the same time, the basic basis for writing the article was the materials stored in the funds of two federal and one regional archives. The authors give a brief summary of the history of the emergence and development of Soviet farms in the USSR and show the influence of the war on their activities. An assessment was made of the resource base of state farms with which they came to the end of the Great Patriotic War (the cost of fixed assets and the area of the land fund). It is argued that the implementation of the tasks of the fourth five-year plan in all spheres of agriculture of the republic was contradictory and difficult. It is noted that after the end of the war, the authorities adopted a number of decisions and resolutions devoted, among other things, to the restoration of state farm production. It is stated that the decisions of even the highest state and party authorities (for example, the February 1947 plenum of the Central Committee of the Party) were not always implemented and did not always bring the expected results. The data on the state of crop and livestock production on state farms are analyzed in terms of crop yields, gross crop yields, and the number and productivity of livestock. It is concluded that in general the share of state farms, even in combination with other state farms, in the number of livestock in the republic was small.

В статье на материалах сводных годовых отчетов советских хозяйств Удмуртской АССР исследуется производство основных видов их продукции в первые послевоенные годы. При этом базовой основой написания статьи стали материалы, хранящиеся в фондах двух федеральных и одного регионального архивов. Авторами дано краткое изложение истории возникновения и развития советских хозяйств в СССР и показано влияние войны на их деятельность. Произведена оценка ресурсной базы совхозов, с которой они подошли к концу Великой Отечественной войны (стоимость основных фондов и площади земельного фонда). Утверждается, что выполнение заданий четвертого пятилетнего плана во всех сферах сельского хозяйства республики проходило противоречиво и тяжело. Отмечается, что после окончания войны властями был принят ряд решений и постановлений, посвященных, в том числе, и восстановлению совхозного производства. Констатируется, что решения даже высших государственных и партийных инстанций (например, Февральского 1947 г. пленума ЦК партии) далеко не всегда выполнялись и приносили ожидаемые результаты. Анализируются данные о состоянии растениеводства и животноводства в совхозах в плане урожайности, валовых сборов культур, численности и продуктивности скота. Делается вывод, что в целом доля государственного сектора в сельском хозяйстве республики, основой которого были совхозы, в исследуемом периоде оставалась весьма незначительной.

Поступила в редакцию 20.02.2024.

Received 20.02.2024.

Keywords

POST-WAR YEARS, LIVESTOCK FARMING, РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО, УДМУРТИЯ, ПОСЛЕВОЕННЫЕ ГОДЫ, СОВХОЗЫ, UDMURTIA, ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВО, CROP FARMING, STATE FARMS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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