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О новом лексикографическом проекте: Русско-немецком словаре лексических параллелей

Authors: Dubichynskyi, V.;

О новом лексикографическом проекте: Русско-немецком словаре лексических параллелей

Abstract

The article represents a new type of the translational linguistic-culturological dictionary which describes meanings of the lexical parallels of the Russian and German languages. Lexical parallels are defined as lexical units of two synchronically compared languages which are identical either in outward (oral and/or written) form or are identical, partially identical or inidentical in meaning. Lexicographic description of the lexical parallels is made by the method of comparison of the semantic structures at the level of separate meanings. The author defines and illustrates three types of the lexical parallels — complete, incomplete and false; it highlights similar (intersememes) and not similar (idiosememes) meanings of the compared lexical units of the Russian and German languages. The translation equivalents are given in each idiosememe. This dictionary gives an opportunity to fill the lexical lacunas, understand the national and cultural specifics of words at the systematic view. Comparative analysis also includes identification of the translational difficulties at the seme level. The research presents a new and innovative understanding of such linguistic phenomena as “false friends of translators”, “lexical internationalisms”, “interlanguage homonyms” and “interlanguage paronyms”.

Статья репрезентирует новый вид переводного лингвокультурологического словаря, который описывает значения лексических параллелей русского и немецкого языков. Лексические параллели — это лексические единицы двух синхронически сравниваемых языков, сходные по внешней (устной и/или письменной) форме и сходные, неполностью сходные или несходные по значению. Лексикографическое описание лексических параллелей ведется методом сопоставления семантических структур на уровне отдельных значений. Автор определяет и иллюстрирует три типа лексических параллелей — полные, неполные и ложные — выделяет сходные (интерсемемы), несходные (идиосемемы) значения сравниваемых лексических единиц русского и немецкого языков. К каждой идиосемеме приводятся переводные эквиваленты. Описываемый словарь предоставляет возможность заполнить лексические лакуны, раскрыть национально-культурную специфику слов в систематическом виде. Контрастивный анализ предполагает также рассмотрение переводческих трудностей и на семном уровне. Предлагается новое, нетрадиционное понимание таких лингвистических феноменов, как «ложные друзья переводчика», «лексические интернационализмы», «межъязыковые омонимы» и «межъязыковые паронимы».

Keywords

INTERLANGUAGE HOMONYMS, РУССКИЙ И НЕМЕЦКИЙ ЯЗЫКИ, МЕЖЪЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ОМОНИМЫ, LEXICAL PARALLELS, RUSSIAN AND GERMAN LANGUAGES, ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАЛЛЕЛИ, МЕЖЪЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ПАРОНИМЫ, INTERLANGUAGE PARONYMS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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