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Close range photogrammetry for survey in preventive archaeology

Authors: Samaan, Mariam;

Close range photogrammetry for survey in preventive archaeology

Abstract

Le développement des appareils photos numériques, de la puissance de calcul des ordinateurs, les travaux de recherche en photogrammétrie et vision par ordinateur ont abouti à l’émergence récente de solutions opérationnelles permettant de construire de manière automatique des modèles 3D à partir de prises de vues à recouvrements multiples (multi stéréoscopiques).Par exemple, en prenant les « bonnes » photos, il est aujourd’hui possible de réaliser en quelques heures de calcul et quelques minutes d’interaction opérateur, des ortho-photos rigoureuses qui, il y a quelques années, auraient demandé des jours de restitution. Ces méthodes commencent à être répandues parmi certains acteurs du relevé patrimonial (architectes ou archéologues) et une économie commence même à se construire autour de services de modélisation 3D.Cependant ces méthodes restent loin d’être pleinement acceptées par la majorité des utilisateurs potentiels. Parmi les freins liés à la diffusion de ces techniques auprès des scientifiques du patrimoine, la méconnaissance des règles d’acquisition photographique permettant de tirer un parti optimum des outils de modélisation par photo.L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de réaliser un travail de transfert et d’accompagnent effectif des outils du monde de la technologie et de l’informatique vers celui des utilisateurs dans le domaine du patrimoine. De manière plus spécifique, la thématique d’application choisie est celle de l’archéologie préventive, dans laquelle les contraintes de budget et de calendrier pour la réalisation des fouilles rendent particulièrement intéressantes les méthodes de relevé par photo.Nos travaux ont exclusivement porté sur la mise au point de méthodes photogrammétriques à partir de protocoles d’acquisition d’images fiables et légers, ainsi que de traitements adaptés à chaque étape de la chaîne de calcul.Le choix de traiter tel ou tel type d’objet dans le cadre de nos travaux est indépendant de toute classification des nombreuses spécialités de l’archéologie, mais est plutôt lié à un cadrage méthodologique, préférant multiplier les protocoles expérimentaux de documentation de petits artéfacts plutôt que de diversifier le type de vestiges à documenter. Au-delà du cas des petits artéfacts, les problématiques soulevées par la documentation d’une fouille archéologique comme site « vivant » ont aussi été partiellement abordées. Des méthodes de relevé capables d’enregistrer de manière exhaustive l’ensemble des objets découverts tout en les associant à une stratigraphie particulière ont en effet été étudiées

The development of digital cameras, the computational power of computers, photogrammetry and computer vision research has led to the recent emergence of operational solutions for building automatically 3D models from shooting multiple overlays (stereoscopic multi).For example, taking the "good" photos, it is now possible to achieve in a few hours of calculation and a few minutes of operator interaction, rigorous ortho-photos that, there a few years have asked for days restitution. These methods are starting to be widespread among some in the heritage survey (architects or archaeologists) and an economy even starting to build around 3D modeling services.However, these methods are far from being fully accepted by the majority of potential users. Among the brakes associated with the dissemination of these techniques to the scientific heritage, ignorance of the rules of photographic acquisition to take optimum advantage of modeling tools per photo.The objective of this thesis is to do a job transfer and accompany the actual world of technology tools and IT to the users in the field of heritage. More specifically, the theme chosen for application is that of preventive archeology, in which the constraints of budget and timetable for the completion of excavations make it particularly interesting methods identified by photograph.Our work has focused exclusively on the development of photogrammetric methods from acquiring reliable and lightweight image protocols and treatments for each stage of the calculation chain.The choice to treat a particular type of object in the context of our work is independent of any classification of the many specialties of archeology, but is instead linked to a methodological framework, preferring multiply experimental protocols documentation rather small artifacts that diversify the type remains to be documented. Beyond the case of small artifacts, the issues raised by the documentation of an archaeological dig as a site "living" were also partially addressed. Survey methods capable of recording exhaustively all objects discovered while linking to a particular stratigraphy have indeed been studied

Keywords

Multidisciplinary, Modélisation 3D, Multi disciplinarité, Archaeology, Archéologie, Computer Vision, Photogrammetry, Vision par ordinateur, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Photogrammétrie rapprochée, Modelling 3D

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    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green