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Post-quantum Security of Key-Alternating Feistel Ciphers

Authors: Basak, Jyotirmoy; Bhaumik, Ritam; Chauhan, Amit Kumar; Jejurikar, Ravindra; Jha, Ashwin; Roy, Anandarup; Schrottenloher, André; +1 Authors

Post-quantum Security of Key-Alternating Feistel Ciphers

Abstract

Since Kuwakado and Morii's work (ISIT 2010 & ISITA 2012), it is known that the classically secure 3-round Luby-Rackoff PRP and Even-Mansour cipher become insecure against an adversary equipped with quantum query access. However, while this query model (the so-called Q2 model) has led to many more attacks, it seems that restricting the adversary to classical query access prevents such breaks (the so-called Q1 model). Indeed, at EUROCRYPT 2022, Alagic et al. proved the Q1-security of the Even-Mansour cipher. Notably, such a proof needs to take into account the dichotomy between construction queries, which are classical, and primitive queries, which are quantum (since the random oracle / permutation models a public function that the adversary can compute). In this paper, we focus on Feistel ciphers. More precisely, we consider Key-Alternating Feistels built from random functions or permutations. We borrow the tools used by Alagic et al. and adapt them to this setting, showing that in the Q1 setting: • the 3-round Key-Alternating Feistel, even when the round functions are the same random oracle, is a pseudo-random permutation; • similarly the 4-round KAF is a strong pseudo-random permutation.

Country
France
Keywords

Post-quantum cryptography, Q1 security, Feistel networks, Provable security, Symmetric cryptography, [INFO.INFO-CR] Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR]

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
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