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Provocări actuale în diagnosticul și tratamentul deficitului de testosteron la bărbații de vârstă reproductivă

Authors: Arian, I.; Dumbrăveanu, I.V.; Ghenciu, V.I.; Bogdanov, A.; Creciun, M.I.; Ceban, E.D.;

Provocări actuale în diagnosticul și tratamentul deficitului de testosteron la bărbații de vârstă reproductivă

Abstract

Actualmente, un număr tot mai mare de bărbați tineri și de vârstă mijlocie sunt în căutarea tratamentului pentru simptomele legate de nivelul scăzut de testosteron, care includ depresia, oboseala cronică, libidoul scăzut, disfuncția erectilă și/sau infertilitatea. În situațiile în care conceperea unui copil nu este un obiectiv pe termen scurt sau mediu, prezervarea funcției reproductive necesită a fi considerată în contextul tratamentului oferit. Având în vedere caracterul adeseori idiopatic al deficitului de testosteron, în special pentru bărbații de vârstă reproductivă, alegerea metodei de tratament devine și mai dificilă, în contextul în care evidența științifică și gradul de recomandare a diverselor tratamente sunt slabe. A fost efectuată analiza literaturii contemporane, cu utilizarea principalelor baze de date, inclusiv PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink și Scopus Elsevier. S-a constatat că o treime dintre bărbații infertili cu vârsta sub 50 de ani sunt hipogonadali. Corelarea rezultatului spermogramei cu nivelul de testosteron a identificat un deficit la 16,7% dintre bărbații cu azoospermie obstructivă, 45% dintre bărbații cu azoospermie non-obstructivă, 42,9% dintre bărbații cu oligozoospermie și/sau astenozoospermie și 35,3% dintre bărbații cu parametri normali ai spermei. Terapia de substituție cu testosteron, deși eficientă în abordarea majorității simptomelor hipogonadismului, are efecte negative asupra funcției testiculare. Consilierea ar trebui să includă o discuție amănunțită a riscurilor și beneficiilor, cu accent pe supresia spermatogenezei pentru bărbații de vârstă reproductivă care doresc să-și mențină potențialul de reproducere.

В настоящее время все большее число мужчин молодого и среднего возраста обращаются за лечением по поводу симптомов, связанных с низким уровнем тестостерона, которые включают депрессию, хроническую усталость, низкое либидо, эректильную дисфункцию и/или бесплодие. В ситуациях, когда зачатие ребенка не является краткосрочной или среднесрочной целью, сохранение репродуктивной функции необходимо рассматривать в контексте предлагаемого лечения. Дефицит тестостерона часто имеет неизвестное происхождение, особенно у мужчин репродуктивного возраста, и выбор метода лечения становится еще более трудным в контексте, когда научные данные и степень рекомендаций различных методов лечения слабы. Обзор литературы проводился с использованием основных баз данных, включая PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink и Scopus Elsevier. У трети бесплодных мужчин в возрасте до 50 лет выявлен гипогонадизм. Корреляция результата спермограммы с уровнем тестостерона выявила его дефицит у 16,7% мужчин с обструктивной азооспермией, у 45% мужчин с необструктивной азооспермией, у 42,9% мужчин с олигозооспермией и/или астенозооспермией и у 35,3% мужчин с нормальными показателями спермы. Заместительная терапия тестостероном, хотя и эффективна в устранении большинства симптомов гипогонадизма, оказывает негативное влияние на функцию яичек. Консультирование должно включать тщательное обсуждение рисков и преимуществ с акцентом на подавление сперматогенеза для мужчин репродуктивного возраста, желающих сохранить свой репродуктивный потенциал.

Currently, an increasing number of young and middle-aged men are seeking treatment for symptoms related to low testosterone levels, which include depression, chronic fatigue, low libido, erectile dysfunction and/or infertility. In situations where conceiving a child is not a short- or medium-term goal, the preservation of reproductive function needs to be considered in the context of the treatment offered. Testosterone deficiency is often of unknown origin especially in men of reproductive age, and the choice of treatment method becomes even more difficult, in the context where the scientific evidence and degree of recommendation of various treatments is weak. Literature review was performed using major databases including PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink and Scopus Elsevier. One third of infertile men under the age of 50 were found to be hypogonadal. Correlation of spermogram result with testosterone level identified deficiency in 16.7% of men with obstructive azoospermia, 45% of men with non-obstructive azoospermia, 42.9% of men with oligozoospermia and/or asthenozoospermia and 35.3% of men with normal sperm parameters. Testosterone replacement therapy, although effective in addressing most symptoms of hypogonadism, has negative effects on testicular function. Counseling should include a thorough discussion of risks and benefits with an emphasis on spermatogenesis suppression for men of reproductive age who wish to maintain their reproductive potential.

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Keywords

мужское бесплодие, terapie de substituțiecu testosteron, hipogonadism, vârstăfertilă, гипогонадизм, male infertility, заместительная терапия тестостероном, testosterone replacementtherapy, testosterone deficiency, infertilitate masculină, слова: дефицит тестостерона, deficit de testosteron, hypogonadism, фертильный возраст, fertile age

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green