
În prima jumătate a secolului trecut, Basarabia s-a confruntat în repetate rânduri cu migraţii în masă, generate de cataclisme politice şi militare. În al doilea deceniu al secolului nostru, problema refugiaţilor a ieşit în evidenţă brusc în Republica Moldova, actualizând experienţa istorică de a-i ajuta pe oamenii care au fugit din calea ostilităţilor. În centrul preocupărilor noastre se află o etapă puţin studiată din istoria de binefacere a Basarabiei legată de refugiaţii Războiului Civil din 1918ndash;1921 din regiunea de Sud a Rusiei şi din Ucraina. În articol, prin prisma ziarelor de limba rusă de la Chişinău, se analizează perceperea de către jurnalişti a pribegiei ca fenomen sociopolitic; activitatea unicelor organizaţii obşteşti din Regatul României care au lucrat cu refugiaţii ruşi. Mijlocul de comunicare cel mai important din acea vreme ndash; presa cotidiană ndash; a jucat un rol primordial în formarea opiniei publice privind acordarea de sprijin persoanelor care şi-au pierdut patria. În periodicele de la Chişinău, tema refugiaţilor se reflectă în desfăşurarea sa cronologică, în contextul problemelor sociale ale Basarabiei din acea perioadă. Materialele din ziare servesc drept sursă istorică reprezentativă, indicând continuarea tradiţiilor milei creştine şi filantropiei publice în condiţiile noii statalităţi.
In the first half of the last century Bessarabia repeatedly faced mass migration born by political and military cataclysms. In the second decade of our century the refugee problem sharply announced itself in Moldova, making actual the historical experience of helping people who fled from military actions. Thatrsquo;s why the authorrsquo;s attention is paid to the less studied stage in the history of charity in Bessarabia connected with the refugees from the South regions of Russia and Ukraine during the Civil War of 1918ndash; 1921. The article examines the journalistsrsquo; comprehension of the social and political phenomenon as the problem of refugees reflected in the Russian language newspapers of Kishinev. There is also studied the activity of some public organizations in the Kingdom of Romania that worked with Russian refugees. The daily press, being the main means of communication, played a leading part in the formation of public opinion to support people who had lost their homeland. Kishinev press reflected the refugee theme both in its chronological development and in the context of the social problems of Bessarabia during those years. The newspaper materials serve as a representative historical source, being evidence of traditions of Christian and public charity in the conditions of the new statehood.
В первой половине прошлого столетия Бессарабия неоднократно сталкивалась с массовой миграцией, рожденной политическими и военными катаклизмами. Во втором десятилетии нашего века беженская проблема остро заявила о себе в Республике Молдова, актуализировав исторический опыт помощи людям, бежавшим от военных действий. Объектом внимания автора является малоизученный этап в истории благотворительности Бессарабии, связанный с беженцами Гражданской войны 1918ndash;1921 гг. на Юге России и в Украине. В статье сквозь призму русскоязычных газет Кишинева рассмотрено осмысление журналистами беженства как социально-политического явления; деятельность единственных в Королевской Румынии общественных организаций работавших с русскими беженцами. Основное средство коммуникации того времени ndash; ежедневная пресса, которая играла ведущую роль в формировании общественного мнения по оказанию поддержки потерявшим родину людям. В кишиневской печати беженская тема отражена в ее хронологическом развитии, в контексте социальных проблем Бессарабии тех лет. Газетные материалы служат репрезентативным историческим источником, свидетельствующим о продолжении в условиях новой государственности традиций христианского милосердия и общественной благотворительности.
organizaţii obşteşti de susţinere a refugiaţilor, бессарабская русская пресса, refugiaţii Războiului Civil din 1918– 1921, refugees of the Civil War of 1918–1921, refugee public organizations, общественные организации помощи беженцам, presa basarabeana rusă, Bessarabian Russian-language press, беженцы Гражданской войны 1918–1921 гг.
organizaţii obşteşti de susţinere a refugiaţilor, бессарабская русская пресса, refugiaţii Războiului Civil din 1918– 1921, refugees of the Civil War of 1918–1921, refugee public organizations, общественные организации помощи беженцам, presa basarabeana rusă, Bessarabian Russian-language press, беженцы Гражданской войны 1918–1921 гг.
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