
A literatura kaldoriana argumenta que o processo de desindustrialização reduz o potencial de crescimento econômico no longo prazo. Assim, identificar suas causas é de suma importância para a formulação de políticas eficazes. Este artigo investiga as causas de desindustrialização no Brasil em uma perspectiva setorial, com base no conceito de desindustrialização pela reprimarização da economia, cuja perda de participação dos setores industriais nas exportações é justificada, sobretudo, pelos preços das commodities e pela apreciação cambial. Para tanto, são estimados modelos Autorregressivos de Defasagens Distribuídas (ARDL), com dados de 2002 a 2021. Visto que os efeitos das variáveis analisadas são discrepantes entre os setores, os resultados sinalizam que a desindustrialização no Brasil é heterogênea, tanto entre as categorias por intensidade tecnológica quanto entre os setores individuais. Todavia, os efeitos negativos de curto e longo prazos da valorização dos preços das commodities observado em diversos setores corroboram a hipótese de reprimarização da economia.
Kaldorian literature argues that the deindustrialization process reduces the potential for long-term economic growth. Thus, identifying its causes is important to the formulation of effective policies. This article investigates the causes of Brazil deindustrialization from a sectoral perspective, based on the concept of deindustrialization by the reprimarization of the economy, whose loss of manufacturing sectors share in exports is justified, above all, by commodity prices and exchange rate appreciation. For this purpose, Autoregressive Distributed Lag models (ARDL) are estimated, with data from 2002 to 2021. Given that the effects of the variables analyzed are discrepant between the sectors, the results indicate that the deindustrialization in Brazil is heterogeneous, both between the categories by technological intensity and between the individual sectors. However, the short and long-term negative effects of the high commodity prices observed in several sectors corroborate the hypothesis of the economy reprimarization.
Intensidade tecnológica, Deindustrialization, Brasil, Desindustrialización, Technological intensity, Intensidad tecnológica, ARDL, Exports, Exportaciones, Exportações, Desindustrialização, Brazil
Intensidade tecnológica, Deindustrialization, Brasil, Desindustrialización, Technological intensity, Intensidad tecnológica, ARDL, Exports, Exportaciones, Exportações, Desindustrialização, Brazil
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