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Fernando Collor's impeachment and the new pattern of political instability in Latin America: a critical analysis

Authors: Fernandes, João Pedro Lopes;

Fernando Collor's impeachment and the new pattern of political instability in Latin America: a critical analysis

Abstract

Se han engendrado muchas interpretaciones para intentar responder a una pregunta fundamental para la historia constitucional brasileña: ¿qué factores llevaron a la caída del presidente Fernando Collor en 1992? En un arrebato de romanticismo, muchos intelectuales sostienen que el factor clave podría encontrarse en un análisis psicológico del Presidente. Este artículo, sin embargo, defiende la hipótesis de que el caso Collor se inscribe en un contexto más amplio de inestabilidad política en América Latina, tal y como argumenta Aníbal Pérez-Liñan, y que si queremos entender las verdaderas razones que llevaron a los acontecimientos que culminaron con la dimisión de Fernando Collor, debemos entender primero este fenómeno. Yendo más allá, también argumenta que la caída de Collor tiene menos que ver con la regulación del instituto del impeachment de lo que comúnmente se piensa, entendiendo que aquí radica un problema de legitimidad democrática intrínseco a la propia idea de dicho instituto. Para ello, se procede a un análisis inicial de la relación entre el presidencialismo y la institución del impeachment, para luego analizar el nuevo patrón de inestabilidad política en América Latina y, recién entonces, entrar en el desafío de interpretar la crisis del gobierno de Collor a la luz de esta clave interpretativa ya mencionada.

Muitas interpretações têm sido engendradas na tentativa de responder a uma questão fundamental para a história constitucional brasileira: que fatores levaram à queda do Presidente Fernando Collor em 1992? Num acesso de romantismo, muitos intelectuais defendem que o fator chave poderia ser encontrado numa análise psicológica do Presidente. Este artigo, no entanto, defende a hipótese de que o caso Collor se insere num contexto maior de instabilidade política na América Latina, tal como o defendido por Aníbal Pérez-Liñan e que, se quisermos entender os reais motivos que levaram aos eventos que culminaram com a renúncia de Fernando Collor, precisamos entender antes este fenômeno. Indo ainda além, defende também que a queda de Collor tem menos a ver com a regulação do instituto do impeachment do que comumente se pensa, entendendo que aqui reside um problema da ordem da legitimidade democrática intrínseca à própria ideia de tal instituto. Para tanto, procede-se com uma análise inicial sobre a relação entre o presidencialismo e o instituto do Impeachment, para depois analisar o novo padrão de instabilidade política latino-americano e, só então, adentrará no desafio de interpretar a crise do governo Collor à luz desta já referida chave interpretativa.

Many interpretations have been done in an attempt to answer a fundamental question in Brazil’s constitutional history: Which factors lead to the fall of the President Fernando Collor in 1992? In an access of romantism, many authors defend that the key-factor could be found in a psychological analisys of the President. This article, however, defends the hypothesis that the Collor’s case is part of a broader context of political instability in Latin-America, as stated by Aníbal Pérez-Liñán and if you want to understand all the factors which lead to the events that resulted in Collor’s resignation, you should first understand this phenomenon. Going further, this work also defends that Collor’s fall is less related to legal regulation of the impeachment than most people think. In fact, we are facing here a problem of democratic legitimacy. Therefore, the article will do an initial analysis about the relation between presidentialism and the impeachment, for then proceed analyzing the new pattern of political instability in Latin America. Finally, an effort will be made in interpreting Collor’s government crisis by using the referred interpretive key.

Keywords

Impeachment, Latin America, Political crisis, América Latina, Rule of Law, Estado democrático de Derecho, Estado democrático de Direito, Crise pol´ítica, Crisis política

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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