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Социальные характеристики административного аппарата Ново-Покровского имения графа А. В. Орлова-Давыдова

Социальные характеристики административного аппарата Ново-Покровского имения графа А. В. Орлова-Давыдова

Abstract

In article author analyzed position of administrative employees of the New and Pokrovsk estate of Orlov-Davydov's family. Studied principles of administration were one of the reasons of success of the modernization carried out at owners of an estate. In many respects these principles were exemplary for other estates of Russia. Process of formation by economy of new norms of administration began in the very first days after official inclusion of New Pokrovka in property of the family. Speed of process reflected Orlov-Davydov's desire quickly to adjust economic life in the estate. The decision on promotion to the operating positions depended on personal belief of owners. It was appreciated first of all business qualities, economic skill, administrative abilities. It was established that being New and Pokrovsk economy corporate affairs of the Main office of estates of the family which redirected employees from other economy, and also independent addresses of candidates for economy were a source of completing of staff. The main office watched closely optimum quantitative and qualitative structure of local managers. Developing a problem of a standard of living of administrative workers, author addressed to studying of level of their material security. The analysis of a salary shows high extent of compensation of their labor efforts. Employees didn't earned only material reward, but also trivial expenses and food rations. Such system developed as a condition of compensation of high labor efforts of staff of local administration. The system of encouragement practicing at Orlov-Davydovs broke a habitual class framework, putting in priority positions professional qualities bypassing class accessory. The considerable skill level and professionalism of employees of patrimonial office provided success of development of economy of possession, allowed to avoid errors of modernization transformations.

В статье проанализировано положение административных служащих Ново-Покровского имения семьи Орлова-Давыдова. Изучаемые принципы администрирования являлись одной из причин успешности проводимой при владельцах имения модернизации. Во многом эти принципы являлась образцовыми для других имений России. Процесс формирования новых норм администрирования экономией начался в первые же дни после официального включения Ново-Покровки в собственность семьи. Скорость процесса отражала желание Орлова-Давыдова быстро наладить хозяйственную жизнь в имении. Решение о выдвижении на управляющие должности зависело от личных убеждений владельцев. Ценились в первую очередь деловые качества, хозяйственная сноровка, административные умения. Было установлено, что источником комплектования штата служащих Ново-Покровской экономии служили корпоративные связи Главной конторы имений семьи, перенаправлявшей служащих из других экономий, а также самостоятельные обращения кандидатов в экономию. Главная контора внимательно следила за оптимальным количественным и качественным составом местных управленцев. Разрабатывая проблему уровня жизни административных работников, мы обратились к изучению уровня их материального обеспечения. Анализ заработной платы показывает высокую степень компенсации их трудовых усилий. Служащие получали не только материальное вознаграждение, но им оплачивались мелкие расходы, давались продовольственные пайки. Такая система сложилась как условие компенсации высоких трудовых усилий штата местной администрации. Практиковавшаяся у Орловых-Давыдовых система поощрения ломала привычные сословные рамки, ставя в приоритетные позиции профессиональные качества в обход сословной принадлежности. Значительный уровень квалификации и профессионализма работников вотчинной конторы обеспечивал успешность развития хозяйства владения, позволяли избежать ошибок модернизационных преобразований.

Keywords

АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫЕ РАБОТНИКИ, КРУПНЫЕ ЭКОНОМИИ ОРЛОВЫ-ДАВЫДОВЫ, ТАМБОВСКАЯ ГУБЕРНИЯ, LARGE ORLOVY-DAVYDOVS'' ECONOMY

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze