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Оплата труда рабочих на концессионных предприятиях Российской империи в начале ХХ в

Оплата труда рабочих на концессионных предприятиях Российской империи в начале ХХ в

Abstract

В традициях советской историографии уровень заработной платы российского пролетариата оценивался в целом как весьма низкий, а уровень жизни как неудовлетворительный. В данной статье предпринимается попытка скорректировать сложившуюся историографическую традицию. На примере деятельности московского отделения «Общества электрического освещения 1886 г.», являвшегося крупнейшим представителем электротехнических предприятий, принадлежавших германскому капиталу в России, анализируется уровень оплаты труда на предприятии. В процессе исследования авторы приходят к выводу: высокий уровень оплаты труда рабочих был обусловлен лидирующим положением концессионера на рынке электроиндустрии царской России и, как следствие, появлением возможности перенаправлять часть полученной прибыли на пополнение фонда зарплаты и социальные пособия для рабочих.

Soviet historiography estimated that Russian proletariat’s wage level was quite low in most cases and the living standard was unsatisfactory. An attempt to adjust the established historiographical tradition is made in the article. The wage level is analyzed using the example of the Moscow department of «Obshestvo Elektricheskogo Osvesheniya 1886 g.» («Electrical Illumination Company of 1886») that was one of the largest electro-technical enterprises in Russia owned by German capital. The authors argue that high wage level of workers of the Company was caused by its leading market position in Russia of that time which allowed using a part of the profit for the wage fund replenishment and workers welfare benefits payment.

Keywords

РАБОЧИЕ, КОНЦЕССИОННОЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕ, УРОВЕНЬ ЗАРАБОТНОЙ ПЛАТЫ, "ОБЩЕСТВО ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ОСВЕЩЕНИЯ 1886 Г.", "OBSHESTVO ELEKTRICHESKOGO OSVESHENIYA 1886 G." (ELECTRICAL ILLUMINATION COMPANY OF 1886)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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