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Профессиональные респираторные заболевания: эпидемиологический анализ причин гиподиагностики на примере республики Татарстан

Профессиональные респираторные заболевания: эпидемиологический анализ причин гиподиагностики на примере республики Татарстан

Abstract

Проведен эпидемиологический анализ профессиональной заболеваемости в Республике Татарстан (РТ). Дана характеристика ведущих нозологических форм профессиональных заболеваний органов дыхания (ПЗ ОД) на территории РТ. Показаны региональные особенности профессиональной респираторной патологии, обусловленные характером загрязнителей воздуха рабочей зоны. Продемонстрированы особенности эпидемиологии ПЗ ОД в регионе: увеличение удельного веса ПЗ ОД при параллельном росте абсолютного числа выявляемых случаев, прогрессивное снижение удельного веса первичной инвалидизации при ПЗ ОД. Показано, что в течение последних лет большинство случаев заболеваний диагностируется у работников крупных предприятий с сохранившимися здравпунктами и цеховой службой. При этом сократилась диагностика ПЗ ОД у работающих на мелких предприятиях, не имеющих собственной медицинской службы, и расположенных в сельских районах. Делается вывод о необходимости координации деятельности работодателя, медицинской организации, центра профпатологии и органов Роспотребнадзора.

Epidemiological analysis of occupational morbidity in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) was made. The characteristic of the most frequents occupational lung diseases (OLD) was given. The regional features of occupational respiratory pathology caused due to the regional property of occupational exposures are shown. Epidemiologic features of OLD in the region are shown: the increase of relative density of OLD at parallel growth of the absolute number of revealed cases, the progressive reduction in the proportion of primary disability at OLD. It was shown, that for the last few years the majority of cases was diagnosed among employees of the large enterprises with preserved health centers. Thus diagnostics of OLD at working in small enterprises without their own medical services, and located in rural regions was reduced. The conclusion about the need to coordinate the activities of the employer, medical organizations, the occupational medicine center and the hygiene service was made.

Keywords

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ, ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ, ДИАГНОСТИКА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze
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