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Трансуретральная резекция простатыпри инфравезикальной обструкции после брахитерaпии

Трансуретральная резекция простатыпри инфравезикальной обструкции после брахитерaпии

Abstract

Развитие инфравезикальной обструкции (ИВО) является одним из самых серьезных осложнений брахитерапии (БТ) рака предстательной железы (РПЖ). Цель исследования — оценить результаты трансуретральной резекции (ТУР) предстательной железы (ПЖ) как метода устранения ИВО после проведения БТ РПЖ. Изучены частота развития ИВО и методы ее лечения у 720 больных локализованным РПЖ, которым с октября 2007 г. по сентябрь 2012 г. выполнена БТ под контролем компьютерного томографа (КТ) со стереотаксической приставкой. Острая (ОЗМ) и хроническая (ХЗМ) задержка мочеиспускания после БТ была выявлена у 41 (5,7%) пациента. В качестве дренирования МП при ОЗМ троакарная цистостомия выполнена 7 (63,6%) пациентам, 4 (36,4%) — установлены простатические стенты. При развитии ХЗМ у 7 (38,9%) больных, цистостомия выполнена только 1 (14,3%) пациенту. ТУР ПЖ потребовалась только 18 (43,9%) из 41 больного. У пациентов с ОЗМ и ХЗМ отмечено достоверное различие исходных показателей объема ПЖ, Qm, Qmax и ООМ. ОЗМ в среднем развивалась на 6,1±5,7 (от 1 до 22) сутки, ХЗМ — через 13,0±6,1 (от 3 домесяцев после имплантации источников. ТУР у пациентов с ОЗМ была выполнена в среднем через 11,4±3,7 (от 8 до 18) мес., у больных с ХЗМ — через 14,5±4,9 (от 8 до 22) мес. после БТ. ТУР выполнялась в ограниченном объеме, преимущественно удалялась средняя доля с формированием «мочевой дорожки» и сохранением апекальных отделов ПЖ. У всех пациентов восстановилось самостоятельное мочеиспускание. Основное осложнение ТУР после БТ — недержание мочи, развившееся у 11 (61,1%) мужчин.При проведении БТ исходно большой (>70 см куб.) объем ПЖ является основным фактором риска развития ХЗМ. Риск ОЗМ увеличивается при исходно низких показателях урофлоуметрии, при этом объем ПЖ решающего значения не имеет. Для снижения риска развития недержания мочи следует выполнять резекцию ПЖ на максимальных сроках после проведения БТ и в ограниченном объеме, с обязательным сохранением апекальных отделов.

The development of infravesical obstruction (IVO) is one of the most serious complications of brachytherapy (BT) for prostate cancer (PCa).Purpose.Evaluation of the results of transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate, as a method of removing IVO after BT PCa.Materials and methods. The incidence of IVO and the methods of treatment are evaluated in 720 patients with localized prostate cancer, from October 2007 to September 2012, in which BT under the control of computed tomography (CT) with stereotactic attachment was performed.Results. Acute (AUR) and chronic (CUR) urinary retention after BT was detected in 41 (5.7%) patients. To drain the bladder for AUR trocar cystostomy was performed in 7 (63.6%) patients, in 4 (36.4%) — prostatic stents was set. In patients with CUR — 8 (38.9%) patients, cystostomy was performed only in one case (14.3%). TOUR was needed for 18 (43.9%) of 41 patients.There was a significant difference in baseline prostate volume, Qm, Qmax and PVR between patients with AUR and CUR. AUR developed on 6,1 ± 5,7 (1 to 22) day, CUR — on 13,0 ± 6,1 (3 to 21) months after the implantation. In patients with AUR TUR was performed at 11,4 ± 3,7 (8 to 18) months, in patients with CUR — in 14,5 ± 4,9 (8 to 22) months after BT. TUR was performed in a limited volume, the middle lobe was removed with the formation of «urinary track» and the departments of apex was preserved. All patients recovered independent urination. The main complication after TUR BT was incontinence, which developed in 11 (61.1%) men.Conclusions. Initial large prostate volume (> 70 cc.) is a major risk factor for CUR. Initially low rates of uroflowmetry are the risk factor for AUR, in this case prostate volume is not critical. To reduce the risk of urinary incontinence TUR should be performed after a maximum period after BT and to a limited volume, with preserving of prostate apex.

Keywords

РАК ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ, БРАХИТЕРАПИЯ, КТ, СТЕРЕОТАКСИЧЕСКАЯ ПРИСТАВКА, ИНФРАВЕЗИКАЛЬНАЯ ОБСТРУКЦИЯ, ОСТРАЯ ЗАДЕРЖКА МОЧЕИСПУСКАНИЯ, ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ЗАДЕРЖКА МОЧЕИСПУСКАНИЯ, ТРАНСУРЕТРАЛЬНАЯ РЕЗЕКЦИЯ ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ, ПРОСТАТИЧЕСКИЕ СТЕНТЫ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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