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Мультифокальная эпилепсия взгляд современного нейрофизиолога

Мультифокальная эпилепсия взгляд современного нейрофизиолога

Abstract

В работе приводятся данные собственных обследований и анализ литературы по вопросу мультифокальной эпилепсии. Проведен анализ этиологии, клинических проявлений и прогностических факторов мультифокальной эпилепсии детского и взрослого возраста. Обнаружено, что в детском возрасте причинами мультифокальности являются эпилептические энцефалопатии, генетически обусловленные каналопатии и последствия перинатального повреждения головного мозга. У взрослых формирование мультифокальной эпилепсии обусловлено воздействием травматических, ишемических, токсических факторов и др. Вследствие этого во взрослом возрасте расположение источников эпилептической активности напрямую зависит от зоны повреждения: источник располагается перифокально зоне повреждения, в ее структуре или в медиобазальных височных зонах, которые наиболее чувствительны к диффузному повреждающему действию (токсическому и ишемическому). В детском возрасте расположение источников эпилептической активности чаще всего не обусловлено характером и областью воздействия повреждающего фактора. В детском возрасте мультифокальная эпилепсия, особенно являющаяся следствием текущего патологического процесса (эпилептической энцефалопатии, нейроинфекции), имеет крайне неблагоприятный прогноз, мультифокальная эпилепсия взрослого возраста напротив гораздо более успешно поддается медикаментозному лечению.

Data of own examinations and literature analysis regarding multifocal epilepsy are presented in the article. The analysis of etiology, clinical implications and prognostic factors of multifocal epilepsy of children and adults was done. It was discovered that the reasons of multifocal epilepsy in children are epileptic encephalopathies, genetic canalopathies and consequences of perinatal brain lesions. Formation of multifocal epilepsy in adults is associated with traumatic, ischemic and toxic factors, etc. Localization of epileptic sources is directly associated with zone of lesion: the source is located perifocally to zone of lesion in the structure or mediobasal temporal zones, that are more sensitive to diffusive effect of lesion (toxic and ischemic). More often localization of sources of epileptic activities in children is not associated with lesion character and zone. Multifocal epilepsy in children has very unfavorable prognosis, especially if caused by current pathological process (epileptic encephalopathy, neuroinfection). And on the contrary, multifocal epilepsy in adults is more successfully treated.

Keywords

МУЛЬТИФОКАЛЬНАЯ ЭПИЛЕПСИЯ, ЭПИЛЕПТИЧЕСКИЕ ЭНЦЕФАЛОПАТИИ, НЕЛЕЗИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭПИЛЕПСИЯ, ЛЕЗИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭПИЛЕПСИЯ, ВИДЕОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ МОНИТОРИНГ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold