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Принципы визуализации диффузионного тензора и его применение в неврологии

Принципы визуализации диффузионного тензора и его применение в неврологии

Abstract

В статье рассматриваются физические аспекты диффузионно-взвешенной томографии, визуализации диффузионного тензора (DTI) и МР-трактографии. Дается определение таким параметрам диффузионно-взвешенной МРТ, как коэффициент диффузии, b-фактор, фактор анизотропии (ФА) и диффузионный тензор (ДТ). Мы рассказываем об алгоритмах МР-трактографии, раскрывая их особенности и недостатки. Рассматриваются аспекты клинического применения методики DTI в диагностике аксонального повреждения и демиелинизации, опухолей ЦНС, поражений периферических нервов, заболеваний спинного мозга, а также в изучении развития головного мозга в позднем периоде гестации и в первые недели жизни. Мы объясняем, каким образом DTI позволяет судить о микроархитектуре головного мозга. Также мы останавливаемся на технических особенностях, ограничивающих применение методики только на лабораторных животных ex vivo.

Keywords

МАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНАЯ ТРАКТОГРАФИЯ,ДИФФУЗИОННО-ВЗВЕШЕННАЯ МРТ

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold