The study aims to examine psychological and psycho-physiological correlates of perception of ambiguous information. Ambiguous information is regarded as double-meaning images, i.e. drawings which can be simultaneously attributed to two classes of objects. The psychological correlates of perception are speed and accuracy of decision-making in cognitive tasks that have different relation to the double-meaning images, while psycho-physiological correlates are indicators of heart rate during these tasks. The research method is experimental priming paradigm combined with lexical decision task that is aimed at determining whether a set of letters is a word or a random sequence. Lexical decision task alternates with a task of classifying images necessary to identify which of the two values of a dual image being perceived by each particular subject.We compared the perception of unconscious values of the ambiguity with ignoring distractors. Along with distractors we used drawings with removed ambiguity of the original stimulus images.The results of two experiments demonstrate that the situation of perception of unconscious senses of the polysemy can be compared with a situation of perception of distracter in its negative aftereffect on the related information: we found negative priming-effect when determining the lexical status of the words associated both with the unconscious senses of the polysemy and imaging-distracter.Unconscious perception of the polysemy and perception of distracters differ with generalized effect, which reveals in a decrease in time and increase in heart rate, in any ongoing conscious activities, even if it is irrelevant to rejected information that is clearly manifested in the perception of unconscious values of the polysemy rather than in a situation of perception of distracters. These results suggest taking into account«neglected» values of the polysemy in an unconscious state in cognitive tasks, and they argue in favour of more energy-consuming components of unconscious cognitive performance rather than conscious performance.

Проверяется предположение, согласно которому влияние неосознаваемых значений многозначности на результаты сопутствующей когнитивной деятельности сопровождается характерными психологическими и психофизиологическими проявлениями. С этой целью осуществляется как отдельный анализ процесса восприятия неосознаваемых значений многозначности, так и его сопоставление с ситуацией целенаправленного игнорирования дистракторов в экспериментах с использованием максимально схожей процедуры и стимульного материала. Результаты предполагают необходимость параллельного с решением когнитивных задач удержания «отбракованных» значений многозначности в неосознаваемом состоянии и свидетельствуют в пользу большей энергозатратности неосознаваемых компонентов когнитивной деятельности в сравнении с осознаваемыми.