Formation of the administrative and militaryeconomic institutions in Russia during the civil war and the intervention of the allied forces (1918-1921) took place on the territory controlled by both the Bolsheviks and the White Army. However, this aspect, especially the state of military engineering and military engineering troops, it is not investigated in Western historiography. Even Russian historiography is limited to mention a few famous names and few major military-engineering solutions that period. Meanwhile, in this case, we should talk not only about the impact of the revolutionary break-up of former social relations and the civil war on the Corps of Engineers, but also on the impact of state and quality of engineering troops to the results of military operations and social relations (at least in the army). This topic is of interest in terms of the fortification art development during the Civil War (for example, there is extensive bibliography on fortification in American Civil War). This article is the second piece of my research in the history of Russian Corps of Engineers. Subjects of this part are institutional aspects of Russian Corps of Engineers formation in Civil War (both in Red and White armies), training and activity of labor construction units (divisions) and military engineering personnel in the wartime conditions. I put my study on the basis of a large array of previously not studied archival materials from the central archives of Russia. In this article, I tried to fill the existing gaps in the history of the becoming of Soviet engineer troops, its command and control, as well as defensive engineering and construction measures on the Civil War fronts in 1918-1921 (especially on the Eastern Front against Admiral Kolchak). In the first year of Soviet Russia, the Bolsheviks began to form a control system engineering troops as part of a new army. To do this, two management headquarters were set up in series. These were the Central Military Technical Department and Main Military Engineers Department, which was then transformed into the Engineer Defense Division. At the head of these institutions were Konstantin Velichko and Alexey Ovchinnikov, who were most experienced and authoritative officers of engineer troops of Tsarist Russia, adhered to Bolsheviks. They are attracted to cooperation the most qualified military engineering personnel (for example, an outstanding military engineer Dmitry Karbyshev) and were able to efficiently use the available resources. These engineers designed and built a new type of fortified regions to cover all major destinations and cities in Russia, which significantly increased security and military potential of the new government. This fact, as well as the centralization of the Bolshevik government and military control (including military engineering controls) contributed significantly to the victory of the Red Army over the fragmented and far less coordinated actions of the White Army (whose leaders often do not find a common language because of their ambitions). In addition, the leaders of the White movement and their military engineering departments and divisions had a much bigger deficit of material and human resources, a much weaker organization, and the lack of time, because they were attackers. This significantly weakened them both in the attack and defense. In my article, I pay special attention to the political and social changes in Russian society and in the army caused by Civil War. Thus, I show the reasons for Russian military engineers adhering from the Red Army to the White one and back were not only ideological but also economic (necessity for survive a depreciation of money and devastation) and personal (corporate relations, personal likes and dislikes). Also I first has made a summary table of colonels and generals of engineering troops of the Red, White and national armies in 1918-1920. I conclude in time of war, in the destruction of social bonds, defensibility of the army and viability of the state essentially depend on control of military engineering troops (which determine arrangement of theaters of war and preservation of civilian communications), on the organization of human and material resources for the needs of military construction.

В статье в контексте происходившей в России радикальной ломки социальных связей в результате Октябрьской революции рассматривается формирование и деятельность инженерных рабочих войск как РККА, так и Белой армии, а также условия комплектования их инженерными и рабочими кадрами начиная с 25 октября 1917 г. и в годы Гражданской войны. В исследовательских целях в оборот введен ряд новых архивных документов.