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Экспериментальное изучение глиально-синаптических взаимодействий в трансплантированной нервной ткани

Экспериментальное изучение глиально-синаптических взаимодействий в трансплантированной нервной ткани

Abstract

С помощью световой и электронной микроскопии проведено исследование роли астроцитарных глиальных клеток в развитии и функционировании интраокулярных нейротрансплантатов, характеризующихся нормальной или эпилептиформной активностью. Для трансплантации в переднюю камеру глаза использовали эмбриональные закладки септума, выделенные из мозга 17-дневных плодов крыс Вистар; реципиентами служили взрослые самцы той же породы. Электрофизиологическое тестирование типа активности и микроскопическое изучение трансплантатов проводили через 3 месяца после операции. При визуальной микроскопической оценке не обнаружено различий между двумя экспериментальными группами в количестве синаптических контактов и соотношении нейронов и глиальных клеток. Морфометрический анализ показал, что размеры активных зон синапсов также не различаются. Вместе с тем, в трансплантатах с патологической активностью было обнаружено значительное уменьшение степени окружения синаптических окончаний астроцитарными отростками. Таким образом, при развитии трансплантированной нервной ткани в условиях изоляции от мозга происходит нарушение глиально-синаптических взаимодействий, что приводит к генерации эпилептиформной активности.

Using light and electron microscopy, we studied the role of astrocytic glial cells in the development and function of intraocular grafts possessing the normal or epileptiform activity. For transplantation into the anterior eye chamber, the septal anlage from the brain of 17-day-old Wistar rat fetuses was used, and recipients were adult rat males of the same strain. The electrophysiological testing of the pattern of activity and a microscopic investigation of the grafts were performed three months after surgery. A visual microscopic examination revealed no differences between two groups of the grafts in the number of synaptic contacts, as well as the ratio of neurons and glial cells. A morphometric analysis showed that the average sizes of synaptic active zones do not differ also. However, a significant decrease in the envelopment of excitatory synaptic endings by perisynaptic astrocytic processes was observed in grafts with the pathological activity. Thus, upon the development of a transplanted nervous tissue in isolation from the brain tissue, glial–synaptic interactions are impaired, which promotes the generation of the epileptiform activity.

Keywords

ИНТРАОКУЛЯРНАЯ НЕЙРОТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ, СЕПТУМ, ЭПИЛЕПТИФОРМНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ, УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРА, ТРЕХЧАСТНЫЙ СИНАПС, ПЕРИСИНАПТИЧЕСКИЕ АСТРОЦИТАРНЫЕ ОТРОСТКИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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