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Трансформация национальной идентичности поволжских немцев в 1918–1941 годы

Трансформация национальной идентичности поволжских немцев в 1918–1941 годы

Abstract

The author examines the identity transformation process of the Volga Germans as a local ethnic group, which took place under the influence of ideology and political practice of Bolshevism. On the one hand, violent destruction of all the sides of traditional lifestyle and compulsory implanting of a new “socialist” order are shown. On the other hand, practice of persistent political and ideological impact on people’s minds, especially those of the young people, and implanting of new spiritual values, totally different from the traditional ones, are highlighted. The process of identity transformation passed much quicker with the younger generation. Аs a result, by the end of the 1930s in the local environment of the Volga Germans a significant break in the identity of the older and younger generations had been clearly seen. It became most apparent during the war of 1941–1945 as a reaction to the policy of repression against the Volga Germans (deportation, total labor mobilization, life in the conditions of a special settlement regime).

Автор исследует процесс трансформации идентичности поволжских немцев как локальной этнической группы, происходивший под воздействием идеологии и общественно-политической практики большевизма. С одной стороны, показана насильственная ломка всех сторон традиционного образа жизни, принудительное насаждение новых «социалистических» порядков, а с другой – освещается практика настойчивого политико-идеологического воздействия на сознание людей, прежде всего молодежи, насаждение новых духовных ценностей, коренным образом отличавшихся от традиционных. Процесс трансформации идентичности гораздо быстрее проходил у молодого поколения, в результате к концу 1930-х гг. в локальной среде поволжских немцев стал заметен существенный разлом в идентичности старшего и молодого поколений. Наиболее ярко он проявился в годы войны 1941–1945 гг. в форме реакции на проводившуюся по отношению к немцам Поволжья репрессивную политику (депортацию, тотальную трудовую мобилизацию, жизнь в условиях спецпоселения).

Keywords

немцы Поволжья, большевизм, национальная идентичность, традиционные ценности, новые «социалистические» ценности, разлом в идентичности

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average