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Философия в советском андеграунде: практики выживания

Философия в советском андеграунде: практики выживания

Abstract

It is commonly recognized that after the departure of the infamous "philosophers' steamer" in 1922, Russia inexorably declined into an epoch of "philosophical silence" due to the dictatorship of the Marxist-Leninist ideology, which forbade any kind of a diverging worldview. It is assumed that no original or significant ideas could have been expressed within that period of history. The author disputes the general thesis that there was no philosophy within the Soviet Russia. In 1960-1970s there appeared philosophical circles, informal leaders, the original research programmes and theoretical conceptions, and the most important the genuine schools of philosophical thinking. The geography of the well-known "home seminars" is rather diverse: Moscow, Rostov-on-Don, Novosibirsk, Minsk. These groups and unions were not institutionalized, and their members had no social privileges. It can be said that there appeared an original sociocultural phenomenon soviet philosophical "underground". The paper analyzes the motives and behavioral patterns of the youth involved in such activity in such format. Special attention is paid to the activities of the Moscow Methodological Circle created by Georgy Shchedrovitsky. Shchedrovitsky's seminars were aimed at reflection the means of thinking and embodied the idea that thinking is a collective effect.

Широко распространено мнение, что философия в Советской России закончилась в 1922 году, после отплытия «философского парохода». Таково мнение многих ведущих историков русской философии (Н. О. Лосский, О.В. Зеньковский). В эпоху господства «марксистско-ленинской философии» о самобытной философской мысли, казалось бы, уже нельзя было говорить. Однако после 1950-х гг. ситуация существенно изменилась: появились неформальные лидеры, оригинальные исследовательские программы, самостоятельные теоретические концепции, а главное настоящие школы философского мышления. География наиболее известных «домашних семинаров » довольно разнообразна: Москва, Ростов-на-Дону, Новосибирский Академгородок, Минск. Эти группы и объединения не были институализированы, заседания проводились в собственных квартирах. Участники семинаров не обладали никакими социальными привилегиями. Возникло своеобразное социокультурное явление -советское философское «подполье ». В статье анализируется мотивы и поведенческие стереотипы философской молодежи, приводящие к необходимости работать именно в таком формате. Особое внимание уделено внутреннему устройству Московского методологического кружка, лидером которого был Г.П. Щедровицкий.

Keywords

РУССКАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ,МАРКСИСТСКО-ЛЕНИНСКАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ,НЕФОРМАЛЬНЫЕ ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЯ,СОВЕТСКИЙ ФИЛОСОФСКИЙ АНДЕГРАУНД,ПОВЕДЕНЧЕСКИЕ СТЕРЕОТИПЫ,МОСКОВСКИЙ МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ КРУЖОК,RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY,MARXIST-LENINIST IDEOLOGY,INFORMAL PHILOSOPHICAL UNIONS,SOVIET PHILOSOPHICAL "UNDERGROUND",BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS,MOSCOW METHODOLOGICAL CIRCLE,SHCHEDROVITSKY''S SEMINAR

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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