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Статистический анализ и молекулярные маркеры в селекции растений на гетерозис

Статистический анализ и молекулярные маркеры в селекции растений на гетерозис

Abstract

Обсуждается вклад молекулярных маркеров в изучение генетического разнообразия, в том числе заключенного в коллекционных образцах, сохраняемых в генных банках генетических ресурсов растений (ГРР). Показана роль установления взаимоотношения между молекулярной дивергенцией, фенотипической дивергенцией и сопроисхождением образцов ГРР, а также возможность применения молекулярно-генетического анализа для классификации на гетерозисные группы и управления ГРР. На основе статистического анализа и собственных результатов исследований продемонстрирована возможность установления взаимосвязи между молекулярной дивергенцией и гетерозисом и перспективы использования комбинированного молекулярно-генети-ческого и статистического методов анализа. Рассмотренные методические подходы в большинстве своем уже повсеместно используются в различных селекционных программах за рубежом. В России интерес к ним также увеличивается. Среди потенциальных применений молекулярных маркеров следует отметить подбор и идентификацию родительских форм, на основе которых получают новые селекционные популяции, что до сих пор остается ключевым моментом для большинства селекционеров. Применение статистических подходов в дополнение к молекулярно-генетическим позволяет не только упростить и систематизировать подбор родительских пар, но и существенно удешевить саму оценку селекционно значимого материала.

A contribution of molecular markers to investigation of genetic diversity, including diversity in collection accessions preserved in gene banks of plant genetic resources (PGR), is discussed. It is shown the role of establishment of interaction between molecular divergence, phenotype divergence and coancestry of PGR accessions, as well as the possibility to use molecular-genetic analysis for classification upon heterotic groups and PGR management. On the basis of statistical analysis and own results of investigations, it is shown the possibility to establish interaction between molecular divergence and heterosis, and perspectives for using combined molecular-genetic and statistical methods of analysis. Discussed methodical approaches are mainly in use in different breeding program abroad. In Russia, the interest to these approaches is raising too. Among potential applications of molecular markers it is necessary to note selection and identification of parent forms on which new breeding populations are obtained. It makes a key moment for most breeders. Use of statistical approaches as an addition to molecular and genetic ones allows not only to simplify and classify selection of parent pairs, but also to reduce considerably the expenses for breeding material evaluation.

Keywords

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ РАСТЕНИЙ, МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ, СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ, ГЕТЕРОЗИС, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze