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Языковая номинация как способ лексической модернизации в арабском литературном языке (в трактовке арабских и западных исследователей)

Языковая номинация как способ лексической модернизации в арабском литературном языке (в трактовке арабских и западных исследователей)

Abstract

Статья посвящена рассмотрению процессов лексической номинации в арабском литературном языке в интерпретации современных арабских ученых-лингвистов и западных арабистов. В современной российской арабистике отсутствует системное исследование актов называния, а имеющиеся труды монографии, диссертационные исследования, статьи охватывают только отдельные аспекты данной проблемы. Они анализируют ее, с одной стороны, в контексте терминообразования, а с другой в контексте изучения отдельных способов номинации в арабском языке. В этой связи представляет интерес проследить и функционирование наименования в связи с формированием арабских номинативных единиц нормативного языка. В данной статье проводится обзор основных достижений зарубежной арабистики по рассматриваемой теме и предлагается собственная структура процессов арабского наименования. Вместе с этим в статье дается и периодизация исторического развития арабского словаря, указываются некоторые лингвистические особенности, связанные с современным этапом развития языка, приводятся сведения об инстанциях в арабском мире, которые призваны регулировать «наплыв» новой лексики. В свете неоднозначного отношения к различным способам номинации рассмотрены также подходы различных арабских ученых-лингвистов к способам наименования в соответствии с критерием корреляции какого-либо способа наименования с языковой структурой АЛЯ. Способы номинации сопровождаются современными примерами из разных областей, некоторые из которых являются неологизмами в АЛЯ.

The current article is devoted to the analysis of word formation processes in Modern Standard Arabic from the point of view of Arabic and Eastern linguists. Due to the fact that modern Arab studies in Russia lack systematic coverage of word-formation processes while existing works monographs, thesis's and articles are written about unconnected with each other aspects of this theme, which scrutinize the problem in two ways: by approaching the issue in terms of terminology and by overviewing only methods of word formation, it is interesting to observe the formation of words with general meanings. This paper contains approaches of different foreign linguists to the articulated problem, and also includes the author's vision on the structure of the Arabic word-formation. In addition to that the article covers the historical periodization of the Arabic lexicon and some linguistic features related to Modern Standard Arabic. The article also describes the main attitude of the Arab linguists to the problem of arabic word formation and names the primary Arabic Linguistic Academies, dedicated to the process of term accumulation and treatment. All methods of word formation in MSA are illustrated by numerous examples of modern Arabic terms from different fields, some of which are pure neologisms.

Keywords

АРАБСКИЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ЯЗЫК, ЛЕКСИЧЕСКАЯ НОМИНАЦИЯ, СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ, СЛОВОСЛОЖЕНИЕ, КАЛЬКИРОВАНИЕ, ЛЕКСИКО-ФОНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАИМСТВОВАНИЕ, ОККАЗИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold