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О двух древнерусских надписях из Белоруссии и Польши

О двух древнерусских надписях из Белоруссии и Польши

Abstract

Two Old Russian graffiti inscriptions are examined in the present paper. The first one, dating back to the late 13th-early 14th centuries, is located on one of the walls of the Savior Transfiguration Church in the St. Euphrosyne convent in Polotsk, Belarus. It reads Marъkova žana dobra ‘Mark’s wife is good.’ The second graffito was inscribed on a knife handle excavated in Drohiczyn, Eastern Poland (Old Russian Dorogyčinъ ), and dates to the end of the 11th through the 12th centuries. The inscription reads Ežьkovъ nožь a iže i ukradetь proklętъ... ‘Ezhko’s knife. Whoever steals it, be cursed...’ Although both inscriptions have been published, the present study adds more in-depth paleographic and linguistic commentary and suggests corrected readings. The laudatory inscription from Polotsk is particularly interesting because it contains an early example of a spelling reflecting yakanye, a trait of Belarusian phonetics, whereas the interest of the Drohiczyn inscription lies in its unusual paleographic features.

В данной заметке рассматриваются два древнерусских граффити: надпись Маръкова жана добра ‘Маркова жена добрая / хорошая’ конца XIII или начала XIV века со стены Спасо-Преображенской церкви Спасо-Евфросиниевского монастыря в Полоцке и надпись Ежьковъ ножь а иже и ѫкрадеть проклѧтъ... ‘Ежков нож. А кто его украдет, проклят...’ конца XI XII века на костяной рукояти ножа, происходящей из раскопок в Дрохичине (древнерусском Дорогычине) на востоке Польши. Обе надписи уже публиковались ранее, однако их прочтение требует нескольких уточнений, а их палеография и язык более обстоятельного комментария. Как показано в заметке, полоцкая надпись, интересная своей восхваляющей формулой, содержит ранний пример отражения яканья, белорусской фонетической особенности. Дрогичинская же надпись выделяется весьма нестандартной палеографией.

Keywords

БЕЛОРУССИЯ, ПОЛОЦК, СПАСО-ЕВФРОСИНИЕВСКИЙ МОНАСТЫРЬ, СПАСО-ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСКАЯ ЦЕРКОВЬ, ПОЛЬША, ДРОХИЧИН (ДРОГИЧИН), АРХЕОЛОГИЯ, ЭПИГРАФИКА, НАДПИСИ-ГРАФФИТИ, ПАЛЕОГРАФИЯ, ДРЕВНЕРУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК, ИСТОРИЯ БЕЛОРУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА, XI-XIV ВЕКА, ST. EUPHROSYNE CONVENT

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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