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Нарушение регуляции ритма дыхания во время искусственной вентиляции легких при поражении центральной нервной системы

Нарушение регуляции ритма дыхания во время искусственной вентиляции легких при поражении центральной нервной системы

Abstract

Изучены особенности развития нарушений регуляции ритма дыхания у 119 пациентов с поражением центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), нуждающихся в проведения искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ) длительностью более суток. Патологические типы регуляции дыхания (ТРД) (апнойный, гипои гиперпнойный) диагностированы у 65,5% пациентов. Установлено, что чем выше уровень поражения мозга в диапазоне «полушарный уровень спинальный С 5-Th 5», тем реже развиваются патологические ТРД и чаще нормопнойный ТРД. Наименее благоприятно протекает апнойный ТРД, наиболее благоприятно нормопнойный. Поражение мозга на полушарном, диэнцефальном, нижнестволовом уровнях приводит к развитию всех ТРД кроме апнойного: апнойный тип возникает только при диффузном поражении ЦНС и при поражении спинного мозга (СМ) на уровне С 1-С 5, сопровождает осложненное течение основного заболевания или травмы. Гипопнойный тип чаще возникает при поражении СМ и при цереброваскулярной болезни (ЦВБ); гиперпнойный ТРД не возникает при поражении на уровне С,-С 5. Предложен алгоритм коррекции нарушений регуляции ритма дыхания.

The study focuses on breathing disorders in 119 patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries that needed artificial lung ventilation for more than 1 day. 65% of patients had apneic, hypopneic and hyperpneic types of regulation of respiration (TRR). The normopneic type was the most favorable for survival, while the apneic one was unfavorable. It was established that a brain injury at hemispherical, diencephalic levels and low brain stem leads to the development of all TRR, while the apneic type occurs only in patients with the diffuse lesions of CNS and spinal injuries at the C 1-C 5 level, with complications developing in the main disease. The hypopneic type occurs more often in patients with injuries of the spinal cord and cerebrovascular disease. The hyperpneic TRR does not occur in patients with spinal cord lesions at the C 1-C 5 level. An algorithm for correction of respiratory disorders is proposed.

Keywords

ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ НЕРВНАЯ СИСТЕМА,CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM,ВЕНТИЛЯЦИОННЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ,РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ ДЫХАНИЯ,REGULATION OF BREATHING,МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ВЕНТИЛЯЦИЯ,MECHANICAL VENTILATION,СПОНТАННОЕ ДЫХАНИЕ,SPONTANEOUS BREATHING,NEUROGENIC VENTILATION DISORDERS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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