
The colloquial speech, being one of the subtypes of the oral type of modern standard Russian language, is used in various spheres of everyday oral communication. The mentioned subtype has both inherent linguistic means with its own syntagmatic and paradigmatic structure and wider set of general linguistic means. All those means can be divided into three groups: general standard, oral standard and typical colloquial. Their usage, particularly of the latter two, is closely associated with their structural peculiarities, which, in turn, affect the word order. According to those structural peculiarities, two types of oral colloquial constructions can be singled out: weak-formed oral standard and typical colloquial. According to O.A. Lapteva’s classification, typical colloquial group can be further subdivided into two major subgroups A and B on the basis of the leading organizational principle. Group A constructions are formed on the basis of abundance of formal grammar means, while Group B constructions are based on the scarcity of those means. Therefore, those principles of forming are absolutely opposite. Formal grammar means abundance principle is usually applied in constructions, formed by the detached expression of segments. These are the cases of constructions with topic nominative, constructions of addition and interrogative constructions with an additional phrasal division. Formal grammar means scarcity principle is applied in constructions with the elimination of informatively irrelevant elements, which can be both auxiliary and nominal elements. This group of constructions can also include additional syntactical meaning and, as a result, the diffusion of the general syntactical meaning of the construction. The following article gives a detailed illustration to the way of grammaticalization of the word order in Russian typical colloquial constructions. The analysis is based on the principle of actual division and is focused on the six typical syntactical models and their variations: constructions with topic nominative, constructions of addition, interrogative constructions with an additional phrase division, conjunctionless clause constructions, overlapping constructions, double-predicative constructions with кто. The research shows that Russian typical colloquial constructions have the characteristic of increased grammatical meaning of word positioning, as soon as it takes part in building the syntactical model. The word order in those modeled constructions is rigidly fixed. This phenomenon proves that “free word order” is not a general inherent characteristic of standard Russian language, to be more precise, it is only characteristic in case it is not limited by the requirements of word order fixation. Yet the word order never loses the function of expressing the actual division, which is often combined with grammaticalization.
В работе описаны особенности порядка слов в русских типизированных разговорных конструкциях на основе анализа шести типизированных синтаксических моделей и их модификаций с точки зрения актуального членения.
ТИПИЗИРОВАННЫЕ РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ, ПОРЯДОК СЛОВ, АКТУАЛЬНОЕ ЧЛЕНЕНИЕ
ТИПИЗИРОВАННЫЕ РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ, ПОРЯДОК СЛОВ, АКТУАЛЬНОЕ ЧЛЕНЕНИЕ
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