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Гормональные, электролитные нарушения и особенности гемостаза у доношенных новорожденных детей от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом

Гормональные, электролитные нарушения и особенности гемостаза у доношенных новорожденных детей от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом

Abstract

В статье представлены имеющиеся в мировой литературе данные о результатах исследований в области электролитных (кальций, магний), гормональных (инсулин, лептин) нарушений и особенностей гемостаза у доношенных новорожденных детей от матерей с гестационным сахарным диабетом (ГСД), а также гипотез и механизмов их развития. В данном обзоре описаны изменения в содержании глюкозы в крови у доношенных новорожденных детей от матерей с ГСД и их влияние на состояние ребенка. Кроме известных факторов, ведущих к развитию макросомии и другим метаболическим нарушениям у доношенных новорожденных, рассматривается вопрос о роли лептина пептидного гормона, регулирующего энергетический обмен. Снижение концентрации лептина ведет к развитию ожирения. Лептин влияет на развитие мозга новорожденного, что может привести к позднему дефициту познавательной функции у детей от матерей с ГСД. Данный обзор обобщает и систематизирует имеющиеся в мировой литературе данные о результатах исследований в области электролитных и гормональных нарушений и особенностей гемостаза у доношенных детей от матерей с ГСД, а также гипотез и механизмов их развития. Обсуждаются протоколы обследования новорожденных, родившихся у матерей с ГСД, а также своевременной и патогенетически обоснованной комплексной терапии для снижения риска развития заболеваний у ребенка в будущем.

The article reviews the available data on investigations in the field of electrolyte (calcium, magnesium), hormonal (insulin, leptin) and hemostasis disturbances in term newborns from women with gestational diabetes; possible mechanisms of their development are also highlighted. The review describes changes in blood glucose concentration in term newborns from women with gestational diabetes, and their impact on the child's condition. In addition to already known factors causing macrosomia and other metabolic disorders in term neonates, the role of leptin (peptide hormone that regulates energy metabolism) is quite discussable. Low leptin levels lead to the development of obesity. It is also confirmed, that leptin influences brain development of the newborn, leading to later cognitive deficits in children from women with GDM. The aim of the review is to summarize the available data on investigations in the field of electrolyte (calcium, magnesium), hormonal (insulin, leptin) and hemostasis disturbances in term newborns from women with gestational diabetes.

Keywords

ДОНОШЕННЫЙ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫЙ, МАГНИЙ, КАЛЬЦИЙ, ГЛЮКОЗА, ЛЕПТИН, ИНСУЛИН, ГЕМОСТАЗ, ГЕСТАЦИОННЫЙ САХАРНЫЙ ДИАБЕТ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold